Dissertation Research: A Spatial Analysis of Classic Bonito Phase Chacoan Great House Communities

在R·格温·维维安博士的指导下，露丝·范·戴克女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她将审查位于新墨西哥州查科峡谷地区的9个博尼托风格的史前遗址的场地平面图。在其中七处遗址，大面积的地表遗迹和建筑废墟已经绘制好了地图，范·戴克将把遗址平面图数字化。这将促进空间分析。在剩下的两个地点，Van Dyke女士和助手将使用激光传输系统来产生可比较的数据。有了这些信息，她将寻找遗址之间的相似之处和不同之处，并将这些遗址与查科峡谷中部遗址进行比较。在网站内，她将尝试确定居住者之间的社会关系，并了解是否存在等级制度。房间大小、安排和可达性等因素将为解决这一问题提供手段。在与旧大陆接触之前的几个世纪里，美国西南原住民社会发展了复杂的社会制度，并建造了可容纳数百人的多层建筑遗址。这种开发的一个中心是新墨西哥州的查科峡谷。显然，查科峡谷与100多个边远社区之间存在着牢固的关系，因为史前道路系统连接了其中许多遗址。然而，考古学家并不了解查科系统是如何运作的。他们不知道查科“中心”是否对异常值的建立负有责任，或者本质上独立的社区是否合作，以及外围实际上创造了核心。也不知道这些社区本质上是平等主义的还是等级制度的。这个问题很重要，因为它将揭示促成这个众所周知的社会的社会过程。通过建筑分析，范·戴克可以解决这两个问题。这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将提供许多考古学家感兴趣的数据。它将为社会复杂性的发展提供新的线索，并将有助于培养一位有前途的年轻科学家。

Vivian Under the direction of Dr. R. Gwinn Vivian, Ms. Ruth Van Dyke will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will examine site plans for 9 Bonito-style prehistoric sites which are located in New Mexico in the Chaco Canyon region. At seven of the sites, extensive surface remains and architectural ruins have already been mapped and Ms. Van Dyke will digitize the site plans. This will facilitate spatial analysis. At the remaining two sites Ms. Van Dyke and assistants will use a laser transit system to produce comparable data. With this information she shall search for similarities and differences between sites and compare these to central Chaco Canyon ruins. Within sites she will attempt to determine social relations among occupants and learn whether a hierarchical system existed. Factors such as room size, arrangement and accessibility will provide a means to address this question. In the centuries immediately preceding contact with the Old World, Southwest Native American societies developed complex social systems and built sites with multi-story architecture which accommodated hundreds of individuals. A center for such development was Chaco Canyon in New Mexico. It is clear that a strong relationship existed between Chaco Canyon and over 100 outlying communities since a system of prehistoric roads connects many of these sites. However archaeologists do not understand how the Chaco system functioned. They do not know whether the Chaco "center" is responsible for the establishment of the outlier or whether essentially independent communities cooperated and that the periphery, in effect, created the core. It is also not known whether these communities were essentially equalitarian or hierarchial. The question is important because it will shed light on the social processes which gave rise to this well known society. Through architectural analysis Ms. Van Dyke can address both of these issues. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide data of interest to many archaeologists. It will shed new light on the development of social complexity and will assist in the training of a promising young scientist.