Behavioral Foundations of Reciprocity

弗农史密斯，伊丽莎白霍夫曼和凯文麦凯布亚利桑那大学SBR-9510919 这项提议是继续目前的实验工作，旨在发现什么因素导致受试者更合作地玩，更积极地惩罚比博弈论和经济理论预测。 私人侦探们提议进行的实验将检验进化心理学的一个猜想，即人类已经进化出了一种学习和使用互惠的倾向，以帮助促进合作。 在某些情况下，人们根据经验法则行事，这些经验法则不一定是收益最大化。 这些实验的目的是找出引发这种行为的环境因素。

Vernon Smith, Elizabeth Hoffman, and Kevin McCabe University of Arizona SBR-9510919 This proposal is to continue current experimental work designed to discover what factors lead subjects to play more cooperatively and to punish more aggressively than game theory and economic theory predict. The experiments the P.I.s propose to conduct will test a conjecture from evolutionary psychology that humans have evolved a predisposition to learn and use reciprocity in order to help foster cooperation. In certain situations, people behave according to learned rules of thumb that are not necessarily payoff-maximizing. The goal of these experiments is to find the environmental factors that trigger this behavior.