PEET: Monographic Research in Agaricales and Aphyllophorales(Basidiomycotina, Fungi)

在世界上成千上万种真菌中，较大的担子菌通常有明显的子实体，例如蘑菇和泡球菌，相对来说是比较出名的。尽管如此，它们的分类还是依赖于地理上的限制（按地区或按政治实体），经常因此产生重复的学名，并经常依赖于受环境改变影响的形态特征，因此证明是不稳定的。田纳西大学（University of Tennessee）的罗纳德·彼得森（Ronald Petersen）博士组建了一个由同事和贡献者组成的团队，从世界范围的角度研究了Agaricales和Aphyllophorales的几组真菌，并采用了几条证据线进行分类分辨率和系统发育分析。这些特征包括传统的形态学特征（加拿大的Scott Redhead博士和瑞士的Egon Horak博士等同事的贡献）；蛋白质电泳和DNA测序的新分子工具（与同事Karen Hughes博士）；实验室培养和交配试验，以评估密切相关物种之间的配伍反应；所有这些都将通过利用现有的植物标本馆藏品和从各个地区广泛的实地收集中收集的新藏品来实现。本文将着重介绍击花椒属、金针菇属和香菇属的专题研究。研究生和博士后的培养需要课程和研讨会，广泛的实验室和博物馆工作，以及在美国和国外的实地收集。计算机化的许多方面的专题工作，包括标本数据库，形态和分子评估，以及识别密钥的构建，将加强结果的传播通过大学的万维网服务器。

9521526 Petersen Among the thousands of species of fungi worldwide, the larger basidiomycetes with often conspicuous fruiting bodies, the mushrooms and puffballs for example, are comparatively well known. Still, their classification rests upon geographically constrained treatments (by region or by political entity), frequently with consequent duplication of scientific names, and with reliance often placed upon morphological features that are subject to environmental modification and hence prove unstable. Dr. Ronald Petersen at the University of Tennessee has assembled a team of colleagues and contributors to study several groups of fungi in the orders Agaricales and Aphyllophorales from a worldwide perspective, and by employing several lines of evidence for taxonomic resolution and phylogenetic analysis. These are to include traditional morphological characters (with contributions from such colleagues as Dr. Scott Redhead in Canada and Dr. Egon Horak in Switzerland); new molecular tools in protein electrophoresis and DNA sequencing (with colleague Dr. Karen Hughes); laboratory culturing and mating trials, to assess compatibility reactions among closely related species; and all these to be pursued through the use of existing herbarium collections and new collections assembled from extensive field collecting in various regions. Primary emphasis will be given to monographic treatments of the genera Clavicorona, Flammulina, and Lentinellus. Training of graduate and postdoctoral students entails courses and seminars, extensive laboratory and museum work, and field collecting in the U.S. and usually abroad as well. Computerization of many aspects of the monographic endeavor, including specimen databasing, morphological and molecular evaluations, and construction of identification keys, will enhance the dissemination of results through the University's World Wide Web server.