Astrophysical Studies of Gravitational Lenses, Faint Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei, and Pulsars

罗杰·布兰福德：引力透镜、暗星系、活动星系核和脉冲星的天体物理学研究。本提案包括四个主题领域。第一个是引力透镜。对多重成像紧凑型射电源的调查有望发现一些具有良好理解的光学结构的好例子，这些光学结构可以通过多重图像变化之间的时间延迟来测量哈勃常数。还提出了通过探测它们的相互弱畸变和对富星系团形成的巨大弧线进行成像光谱来探索测量遥远微弱星系质量的可能性。遥远的微弱星系是第二个研究的对象。从凯克和帕洛玛望远镜获得的新数据将用于了解这些星系的距离和基本性质. .....第三个领域是活动星系核，其研究范围从黑洞磁层因果行为的理论问题到类星体宽吸收和发射线的分析。新的计算能力允许三维磁流体动力学模拟，以探索在一个巨大的无线电发射瓣磁场的演变。最后一项研究将是依赖回旋加速器-切伦科夫脉泽作用的射电脉冲星发射模型的物理和观测意义。

AST 95-29170 PI: Roger Blandford Astrophysical Studies of Gravitational Lenses, Faint Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei, and Pulsars. Four subject areas are included in this proposal. The first is gravitational lenses. A survey for multiply-imaged compact radio sources is hoped to discover some good cases with well-understood optical configurations that can measure the Hubble constant from time delays between variations in the multiple images. It is also proposed to explore the possibility of measuring the masses of distant faint galaxies through detecting their mutual weak distortion and by performing imaging spectroscopy on giant arcs formed by rich clusters. Distant faint galaxies are the subject of the second investigation. New data from the Keck and Palomar telescopes will be obtained and applied to learning the distances and fundamental properties of these galaxies. .....The third area is active galactic nuclei, with studies ranging from the theoretical question of the causal behavior of a black hole magnetosphere to analysis of broad absorption and emission lines in quasars. New computational capabilities allow 3-D magnetohydrodynamic simulations to explore the evolution of magnetic field in a giant radio- emitting lobe. The last investigation will be the physics and observational implications of a model of radio pulsar emission that relies on cyclotron-Cerenkov maser action.