Photochemical Ozone Budget of the Eastern North Pacific Atmosphere (PHOBEA)

9529604 谢斐 该项目涉及对流层臭氧的形成以及臭氧前体的丰度和来源。对北方地面和对流层自由臭氧的观测表明春季臭氧最大。以前在阿拉斯加的测量和模型模拟表明，这一峰值的一些可以解释为冬季积累的，人为的，臭氧前体的光化学生产。在这方面，最重要的臭氧前体是过氧乙酰硝酸酯（PAN）。测量还表明，垂直输送在加热空气质量和引起PAN在边界层中的热分解中起着重要作用。这种人为造成的臭氧产生可能有助于臭氧的长期增加，这在北方半球的几个地点在春季和夏季已经观察到。 在该项目中，PI将与华盛顿Cheeka Peak研究基地的其他研究人员合作，对臭氧、氮氧化物、总活性氮、PAN、一氧化碳、辐射、氡和活性自由基物种以及气溶胶特性、紫外线辐射和气象参数进行地面测量。此外，将于1997年春季结合地面测量对臭氧、一氧化氮、PAN和一氧化碳的丰度进行机载测量。0-并且将采用一维模型。这些数据将为以下问题提供答案：（1）该地区的臭氧收支情况如何;（2）导致空气质量变暖和PAN成分的条件是什么，从而导致臭氧形成增加;（3）亚洲排放对抵达美国西海岸的空气质量有何影响;云的类型和高度对臭氧/氮氧化物光化学的影响。

9529604 Jaffe This project addresses the formation of tropospheric ozone and the abundance and origin of ozone precursors. Observations of surface and free tropospheric ozone in the northern hemisphere show a spring maximum. Previous measurements in Alaska and model simulations indicate that some of this peak can be explained by photochemical production from winter accumulated, anthropogenic, ozone precursors. In this regard, the most important ozone precursor is peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN). Measurements also show an important role for vertical transport in warming of air masses and causing thermal decomposition of PAN in the boundary layer. This anthropogenically caused ozone production may contribute to the long-term increases in ozone which have been observed at several northern hemispheric locations during spring and summer. In this project, ground-based measurements of ozone, nitrogen oxides, total reactive nitrogen, PAN, carbon monoxide, radiation, radon, and reactive radical species, as well as aerosol properties, ultraviolet radiation, and meteorological parameters will be measured by the PI in collaboration with other researchers at the Cheeka Peak research site in Washington. In addition, aircraft-borne measurements of the abundance of ozone, nitric oxide, PAN, and carbon monoxide will be performed in the spring of 1997 in conjunction with the ground-based measurements. 0- and 1-dimensional models will be employed. The data will provide answers to questions including: (1) What is the ozone budget in this region; (2) What are the conditions that give rise to air mass warming and PAN composition, leading to enhanced ozone formation; (3) What is the influence of Asian emissions on air masses which arrive at the West Coast of the US; and (4) What is the influence of cloud types and heights on the ozone/nitrogen oxide photochemistry.