Origin and Influence of Background Ozone in the Western United States (U.S.) from Observations at the Mount Bachelor Observatory

该项目支持在山上继续进行大气化学测量。学士天文台，一个已经运行了20年的高海拔大气科学考察站。该项目包括对微量气体(包括臭氧、一氧化碳、氮氧化物和二氧化碳)、气溶胶质量、散射和吸收系数以及气象变量的连续测量，以及开发各种机器学习/统计分析的计划。这项研究的目的是调查背景/自由对流层臭氧变化的原因，以及这种变化如何影响下风向位置的地面臭氧。它还包括对单身山研究站探测到的野火烟雾羽流中臭氧的来源和可变性的研究。地球表面的大气臭氧是一种污染物，对人类和生态系统都有不利的健康影响。这个项目的数据将被用来评估以下科学问题：(1)是什么控制着自由对流层下部的本底臭氧？用统计/机器学习方法预测本底臭氧的效果如何？(2)本底臭氧与地表下风向臭氧有什么关系？利用mt.能很好地预报下风面臭氧。学士天文台(MBO)、气象学、火灾信息、卫星数据和其他使用统计/机器学习方法的观测？(3)哪些因素控制孤立烟羽(相对于城市烟羽)中的臭氧？使用统计/机器学习方法对烟雾中的臭氧进行预测的效果如何？该项目还包括使用TEMPO的卫星测量。该项目有助于将MBO的业务从华盛顿大学过渡到里德学院，确保延续20年的测量记录。里德学院主要是一所本科院校，里德教职员工继续运营MBO将确保该网站继续用于本科生和研究生的科学培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project supports continued atmospheric chemistry measurements at Mt. Bachelor Observatory, a high elevation atmospheric science research station that has been operating for 20 years. The project includes plans for a combination of continuous measurements of trace gases (including ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon dioxide), aerosol mass, scattering and absorption coefficients and meteorological variables, plus the development of a variety of machine learning/statistical analyses. The goal of this research is to investigate the causes of variability in background/free tropospheric ozone and how this variability impacts surface ozone at downwind locations. It also includes a study of sources and variability of ozone in wildfire smoke plumes detected at the Mt Bachelor research station. Atmospheric ozone at the Earth’s surface is a pollutant with adverse health consequences for both humans and ecosystems.Data from this project will be used to assess the following scientific questions: (1) What controls background ozone (O3) in the lower free troposphere? How well can background O3 be predicted using statistical/machine learning methods? (2) What is the relationship between background and downwind O3 at surface sites? How well can downwind surface O3 be predicted using Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO), meteorology, fire information, satellite data and other observations with statistical/machine learning methods? (3) What factors control O3 in isolated smoke plumes (as opposed to urban smoke plumes)? How well can O3 in smoke plumes be predicted using statistical/machine learning methods? This project also includes the use of satellite measurements from TEMPO.This project facilitates the transition of operations at MBO from the University of Washington to Reed College, ensuring the continuation of the 20-year measurement record. Reed College is primarily an undergraduate institution, and the continued operation of MBO by Reed faculty and staff will ensure that the site will continue to be used for scientific training for both undergraduate and graduate students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.