Dynamics of Brittle Fracture

9531187使用解析和数值方法，这项资助将研究原子间作用力和材料在脆性断裂过程中的行为之间的联系。要问的一些问题是：“骨折是如何在原子尺度上发生的？”“裂缝什么时候会以稳定的方式扩展？什么时候会出现不稳定性？”什么样的原子间作用力会导致脆性或延展性材料？“热波动对骨折有什么影响？”“非晶态材料和晶态材料的断裂有什么不同？”拟议的研究计划还包含与实验的强大合作。尽管对材料的现代理解已经发展了60多年，但人们对材料强度的原子性或它们如何在压力下失效知之甚少。这笔赠款计划发展原子水平的机械性能的理解，特别是与故障相关的性能。当一种材料破裂时，原子在做什么？在原子水平上，脆性断裂与延性断裂有什么不同？当玻璃破裂时原子在做什么，当金属破裂时原子在做什么？

9531187 Marder Using both analytical and numerical methods, this grant will study the connection between the interatomic forces and the behavior of materials during brittle fracture. Some questions to be asked are: "How does fracture occur on the atomic scale?" "When do the cracks propagate in a stable manner and when do the instabilities set in?" "What sorts of interatomic forces lead to brittle, or to ductile materials?" "What are the effects of thermal fluctuations upon fracture?" "What are the differences between fracture of amorphous and crystalline materials?" The proposed program of research also contains a strong collaboration with experiments. %%% In spite of more than sixty years of development in the modern understanding of materials, very little is known about the atomic nature of the strength of materials or how they fail under stress. This grant plans to develop an atom- level understanding of the mechanical properties, especially the ones related to failure. What are the atoms doing when a material fractures? On an atomic level, how is brittle fracture different from ductile fracture? What are the atoms doing when a glass fractures, and when a metal fractures? ***