Investigating the role of block kinematics and brittle fracture in rock failure mechanisms: A combined multi-sensor remote sensing-numerical modelling approach.

研究块体运动学和脆性断裂在岩石破坏机制中的作用：一种组合的多传感器遥感数值建模方法。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-03870
• 负责人: Stead, Douglas
• 金额: $ 4.52万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=751186
• 关键词: Investigating; role; block; kinematics; brittle

Rock failure mechanisms are inherently complex often involving a combination of sliding, rotation, lateral/rear release and intact rock fracture. The relative contribution of each of these processes in engineering practice is controlled by the presence, or absence, of suitably oriented structures at scales ranging from grain boundaries, to discrete fracture networks and highly persistent structures such as faults or fold limbs. In this research a major focus will on be the development of new field based /remote sensing methods and numerical modelling procedures to allow improved understanding of the inter-relationships between kinematics and brittle fracture in rock failure mechanisms. State of the art field-based mapping/monitoring, numerical and experimental research will be undertaken to investigate rock failure kinematics, brittle fracture and damage at multiple engineering scales. Multi-sensor remote sensing methods will be developed to investigate the relationships between kinematics, damage and rock failure. New approaches to remote sensing data collection and interpretation will be developed including the application of machine learning techniques. Combined two and three-dimensional brittle fracture-DFN modelling techniques will be used to explore the degree of brittle fracture/damage related to varied kinematic, structural, groundwater and stress environments. The importance of time-dependent deformation in varied rock failure mechanisms will be explored in both surface and underground environments using numerical modelling constrained against combined surface and borehole deformation measurements; the use of a synthetic model approach will be used to improve the fit between numerical and monitoring data. Inter-elationships between time dependent deformation and the development of kinematic release will be investigated. The variation in tectonic damage in rock masses will be explored in exposures of large-scale structures using a remote sensing approach. State of the art geovisualisation methods (Mixed, Virtual and Augmented Reality) will be an important component of the proposed research including spatio-temporal holographic visualisation to allow efficient three-dimensional viewing and communication of kinematic brittle failure processes. Holographic visualisation of mapping, monitoring and simulation data will be used at all scales from laboratory samples to overall open pit slopes and major landslides. The research will train HQP from the postdoctoral to the undergraduate level in engineering geological mapping, state of the art remote sensing technology and geomechanical modelling. The proposed research will be of major importance to both surface rock slope and underground excavation engineering with impact on both Canadian and international practice. An improved understanding of rock failure mechanisms will allow geotechnical hazards and risk to be more rigorously defined with significant safety and economic benefits.

岩石破坏机制本质上是复杂的，通常涉及滑动、旋转、侧向/后部释放和完整岩石破裂的组合。这些过程中的每一个在工程实践中的相对贡献是由存在或不存在的，适当的定向结构的尺度范围从晶界，离散的裂缝网络和高度持久的结构，如故障或褶皱翼控制。在这项研究中，一个主要的重点将是开发新的外地/遥感方法和数值模拟程序，使运动学和岩石破坏机制的脆性断裂之间的相互关系，以提高认识。将进行最先进的基于现场的绘图/监测、数值和实验研究，以调查岩石破坏运动学、脆性断裂和多个工程尺度的损伤。将发展多传感器遥感方法来研究运动学、损伤和岩石破坏之间的关系。将开发遥感数据收集和判读的新方法，包括机器学习技术的应用。将使用二维和三维脆性断裂-DFN建模技术来探索与不同运动学、结构、地下水和应力环境相关的脆性断裂/损坏程度。将在地面和地下环境中，利用限制地面和钻孔变形测量的数值模型，探讨各种岩石破坏机制中随时间变化的变形的重要性;将采用综合模型方法，改善数值数据和监测数据之间的拟合。将研究随时间变化的变形和运动释放的发展之间的相互关系。将利用遥感方法在大型结构的暴露中探索岩体中构造损伤的变化。最先进的地理可视化方法（混合，虚拟和增强现实）将是拟议研究的重要组成部分，包括时空全息可视化，以实现有效的三维查看和运动脆性破坏过程的通信。从实验室样品到整个露天矿边坡和主要滑坡，将在所有尺度上使用全息可视化的绘图、监测和模拟数据。该研究将在工程地质测绘、最先进的遥感技术和地质力学建模方面培养从博士后到本科的HQP。该研究对地表岩质边坡和地下开挖工程都具有重要意义，对加拿大和国际实践都有影响。对岩石破坏机制的进一步了解将使岩土工程危害和风险得到更严格的定义，并带来重大的安全和经济效益。