SGER: The Institutional Life Cycle of the U.S. District Courts, 1789-1996

9615087 Gryski这个项目的主要目标是建立一个数据库，包括必要的任命和离开信息的美国地方法院法官从1789年至1996年。在过去的三十年里，地区法官经历了爆炸性的增长，从1960年的250名法官迅速增加到今天的650多名法官。与此同时，这些办事处的退休人数达到创纪录的水平，这可能标志着对终身服务的新看法。将收集三种类型的数据：每个法院和席位创建背后的立法历史;关于官员及其任命和离职的信息，以及职位历史，这将使我们能够跟踪每个职位以及随着时间的推移占据它的法官。该项目的核心是位置编号。一旦我们确定了每个州地区法官席上每个席位的继任者，那么所有其他目标就都到位了。这些数据将使研究有关联邦司法机构的基本问题变得可行，例如行政立法关系对法官人数增长的影响，或参议员礼貌在任命过程中的作用。 这些数据将作为电子多用户数据库存档，供学术界使用。我们将使用这些数据来研究：a）地区法院的党派生命周期，以及它们如何受到其他分支机构的机构控制的影响; B）地区法院的种族和性别多样化; c）席位的代际变化。

9615087 Gryski The primary objective of this project is to construct a data base comprised of essential appointment and leaving information for U.S. District Court judges from 1789-1996. The district bench underwent an explosive growth in the past three decades, mushrooming from around 250 judgeships in 1960 to more than 650 today. At the same time retirements from these offices reached record levels, signaling perhaps a new perspective on lifetime service. Three types of data will be collected: the legislative history behind the creation of each court and seat; information on the officeholders and their appointments and departures, and position histories that will enable us to track each position and the judges occupying it over time. The centerpiece of the project is position numbering. Once we establish the succession of occupants to every seat on each state's district bench, then all other objectives fall into place. The data will make it feasible to study fundamental questions about the federal judiciary such as the influence of executive-legislative relations on bench growth, or the role of senatorial courtesy in the appointment process. The data will be archived as an electronic multi-user data base, available to the scholarly community. We will use the data to study: a) the partisan life cycles of the district bench, and how they are influenced by institutional control of the other branches; b) the racial and gender diversification of the district courts, and c) generational changes in seats.