The Effect of Dissolved Organic Matter on the Photolysis and Bioaccumulation of Synthetic Organic Compounds in Two Lakes on Ross Island, Antarctica

持久性合成有机污染物（soc）对南极生态系统的影响尚不清楚。溶解有机化合物（DOM）普遍存在于南极洲的所有地表水中，这些物质可能对有机碳的命运起重要作用。DOM能够作为一种准吸附剂，从而改变水柱中soc的形态。DOM还具有很强的光反应性，能够形成可以转化soc的化学瞬变。DOM的这种双重作用性质可能对SOCs对水生生物的生物利用度产生显著影响。这项探索性研究将研究在罗斯岛两个小湖泊中DOM存在时控制soc命运的过程。利用这些地点的浮游植物和蓝藻进行生物积累实验，以了解DOM对SOCs生物利用度的影响。选择氯联苯同系物和芘进行研究是因为它们代表了在南极洲发现的污染物类别，并且具有广泛的物理化学性质。利用人造阳光模拟器进行光解实验，以确定DOM作为光催化剂在两种目标分析物转化中的作用。这项探索性研究的结果将为一个更大的现场项目提供基础，该项目将使用其他soc在原位和非原位研究这些过程。

ABSTRACT The effect of persistent synthetic organic contaminants (SOCs) on the Antarctic ecosystems is poorly understood. Dissolved organic compounds (DOM) are ubiquitous to all surface waters in Antarctica and these substances may play an important role in the fate of SOCs. DOM is capable of acting as a quasi-sorbent, thereby altering the speciation of SOCs in the water column. DOM is also highly photoreactive and is able to form chemical transients that can transform SOCs. This dual-role nature of DOM could have pronounced effects on the bioavailability of SOCs to aquatic organisms. This exploratory research will study processes that control the fate of SOCs in the presence of DOM from two small lakes on Ross Island. Bioaccumulation experiments using phytoplankton and cyanobacteria from these sites will be conducted in an effort to understand the effect of DOM on the bioavailability of SOCs. A chlorinated biphenyl congener and pyrene have been selected for study because they represent classes of contaminants found in Antarctica and they possess a wide range of physiochemical properties. Photolysis experiments using artificial sunlight simulators will be studied to determine the role of DOM as photocatalysts in the transformation of the two target analytes. The results from this exploratory research will provide the groundwork for a much larger field project that will study these processes both in situ and ex situ using other SOCs.