SBIR PHASE II: New Photogrammetry Data Acquisition and Processing Technology for Highway Design and Maintenance

这个小企业创新研究二期项目将为公路设计的特殊领域开发一个创新的摄影测量数据采集和处理系统。为了设计和维护交通系统，通过航空摄影、人工测量和劳动密集型数据处理等手段收集特定地区的三维数据。然而，目前的航空摄影方法无法收集从空中位置可能不容易看到的区域的数据，如桥梁和岩面。拟议项目的目标是开发一种便携式、易于使用、基于数码相机的系统，该系统使用近景摄影测量技术对这些地区进行准确建模。所提出的数据采集系统包括一台高分辨率数码相机、全站仪和摄影测量定标目标，在第一阶段计划中进行了测试。在接受纽约州交通部(NYSDOT)援助的同时进行的一项高速公路试验也证明了这种系统的可行性。提出的系统的一个新特点是，它通过使用数学模型来适应不同应用所需的精度。主要研究目标是实现、测试和改进获取准确的相机位置和方向数据的方法，并开发一种在数字图像中自动进行二维点匹配的创新方法。新的原型系统在收集摄影测量和地面测量数据方面节省了大量的劳动力和时间。这项研究的潜在商业应用包括评估桥梁状况、模拟岩石表面、再现犯罪现场和考古物品。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase II project will develop an innovative Photogrammetry Data Acquisition and Processing System for special areas of highway design. To design and maintain transportation systems, three-dimensional data on specific areas are collected by means of aerial photography, manual surveys, and labor intensive data processing. The current aerial photography methods, however, are not capable of collecting data on areas that may not be seen readily from an aerial position, such as bridges and rock faces. The goal of the proposed project is to develop a portable, easy-to-use, digital camera-based system that used close-range photogrammetry techniques to accurately model these areas. The proposed data acquisition system consists of a high resolution digital camera, total station, and a photogrammetry calibration target, as tested during the Phase I program. The feasibility of such a system was also demonstrated by a highway experiment conducted while receiving assistance from the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT). A novel feature of the proposed system is that it is tailored to the accuracy desired for different applications through the use of a mathematical model. The main research objectives focus on implementing, testing, and improving methods to obtain accurate camera position and orientation data, and developing an innovative method of automating 2D point correspondence in digital images. The new prototype system offers significant labor and time savings in gathering photogrammetry and ground survey data. Potential commercial applications of the research include assessing bridge condition, modeling rock faces, reproducing crime scenes and archeological objects.