Collaborative Research: Integration of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry, Continuous GPS and GPS Meteorology for Crustal Deformation and Earthquake Monitoring

该奖项支持旨在整合两种技术的研究，这两种技术已被证明对监测地壳运动很有用。全球定位系统（GPS）目前能够测量基线（地球上两个GPS接收器定位点之间的距离），精度在毫米范围内，距离为数百公里。干涉合成孔径雷达（INSAR）不能提供类似的精度水平，但其优势在于能够测量连续区域内地壳的相对运动（而不是表面上有限数量的离散点）。将这两种方法结合起来，将大大提高理解地震相关运动（地震前、地震中和地震后）、火山活动、板块构造运动、地下水运动以及其他局部和区域地壳应变过程等现象的能力。这项研究是加州大学圣地亚哥分校、斯坦福大学和夏威夷大学的地球科学家合作进行的。合作者的方法将是：(1)通过在选定的GPS接收器站点部署雷达反射器或应答器来减少INSAR的所谓轨道或基线误差，从而确定这些点的精确位置，作为INSAR干涉测量的锚点；(2)使用气象模型和卫星数据来减少由于大气中水蒸气的影响而导致的GPS位置误差。＊＊＊

9711915 Zebker This award supports research aimed at an integration of two technologies which have proven useful for monitoring motion of the Earth's crust. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is currently capable of measuring baselines (the distance between two GPS receiver location points on Earth) with a precision in the millimeter range at distances of hundreds of kilometers. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (INSAR) cannot offer a comparable level of precision, but has the advantage of being able to measure relative motion of the crust over a continuous area (as opposed to a limited number of discrete points on the surface). Combining the two approaches will provide greatly enhanced capabilities for understanding such phenomena as earthquake related motion (pre-, syn-, and post-seismic), volcanic activity, plate tectonic motions, groundwater movement, and other local and regional crustal strain processes. The research is a collaboration among geoscientists at the University of California, San Diego, Stanford University and the University of Hawaii. The approach by the collaborators will be: (1) to reduce the so-called orbital or baseline error of INSAR by deploying radar reflectors or transponders at selected GPS receiver sites and thereby pin down the precise locations of those points to serve as anchors for the INSAR interferometry, and (2) use meteorogical models and satellite data to reduce the error in GPS locations due to the effect of water vapor in the atmosphere. ***