Retrospective Analysis: Measuring the Historical Magnitude of Turbidity Plumes Using Archived Imagery and Application of Lake Surface Temperature/Water Quality Algorithms

小行星9726680 将根据五大湖海岸研究机会公告（NSF 97- 38）进行研究。 这是一个合作研究项目 来自10个学术和政府研究机构的调查人员。 的 在美国国家科学基金会沿海海洋进程的赞助下， （CoOP）计划和NOAA沿海海洋计划。 这项为期5年的合作研究计划将侧重于情节的重要性， 近岸-近海运输事件及其生态后果。的 该研究旨在：1）确定控制跨边界（近岸到离岸）的过程 生物、化学和地质材料在沿海边缘的迁移 五大湖，并2）制定和测试评估，量化， 预测自然和人为的多重压力的影响，在大 湖泊或选定的沿海次区域。 湖泊中污染沉积物与上覆水之间存在着紧密耦合， 通过沉积物再悬浮过程对沿海生态系统产生影响。卫星观测 密歇根湖说明了每年反复发作的近岸-离岸运输， 10公里宽的再悬浮物质羽流沿南部沿着延伸超过200公里 湖的岸边。初步证据表明，这一幕式事件可能是主要的 密歇根湖的跨边缘沉积物运输机制。 这种类型的事件 对地球化学重要物质（BIMS）的再循环，生态系统响应， 在五大湖中的跨等深线输送。该计划的结果将适用于 许多沿海地区也发生了类似的事件。 这项全面的跨学科研究将实施一项综合观察 程序和数值模拟工作，以确定、量化和开发预测工具 的冬春再悬浮事件，并评估这一事件对 湖泊生态学的研究。 本部分研究的重点是对南湖的回顾性研究 密歇根春季海岸羽遥感数据。高级甚高 分辨率辐射计（AVHRR）的可见光和热红外数据将构成 回顾性研究，而更高分辨率的图像（例如，Landsat MSS和 Landsat TM图像、CZCS图像和可用的飞机数据）将监测具体的 短期事件。其目的是评估冬季冰的关系 形成、海岸羽流发展和热沙坝向跨陆缘的运动 密歇根湖南部的运输现象，以确定时间，持续时间和 季节性和年际性河流羽流的范围;并利用历史表面 水质数据，以便与遥感数据进行经验比较。

9726680 Kerfoot Research will be undertaken in response to an Announcement of Opportunity (NSF 97- 38)for Coastal Studies in the Great Lakes. This is a collaborative research project between investigators from ten academic and government research institutions. The research is being conducted under the auspices of the NSF Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP) program and the NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. This collaborative, 5-year research program will focus on the importance of episodic events on nearshore-offshore transport and subsequent ecological consequences. The study seeks to 1) determine what processes control the cross-margin (inshore to offshore) transport of biological, chemical, and geological materials in the coastal margins of the Great Lakes, and to 2) develop and test scientific strategies for assessing, quantifying, and predicting the impacts of multiple stresses both natural and anthropogenic, in the Great Lakes or selected coastal sub-regions. A tight coupling between contaminated sediments and overlying water exists in lakes and coastal ecosystems through the process of sediment resuspension. Satellite observations in Lake Michigan illustrate an annually recurrent episode of nearshore-offshore transport, a 10 km wide plume of resuspended material extending over 200 km along the southern shores of the lake. Preliminary evidence indicates that this episodic event may be the major mechanism for cross-margin sediment transport in Lake Michigan. This type of event impacts recycling of biogeochemically important materials (BIMS), ecosystem responses, cross-isobath transport in the Great Lakes. The program results will be applicable to similar events in many coastal areas. This comprehensive, interdisciplinary study will implement an integrated observational program and numerical modeling effort to identify, quantify, and develop prediction tools for the winter-spring resuspension event and to assess the impact of this event on the tra nsport and transformation of BIMS and on lake ecology. This component of the study focuses on a retrospective study of the southern Lake Michigan spring coastal plume using remotely sensed data. Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) visible and thermal infrared data will form the basis of the retrospective study, whereas higher resolution imagery (e.g., Landsat MSS and Landsat TM images, CZCS images, and available aircraft data) will monitor specific events of short duration. The objectives are to assess the relationship of winter ice formation, coastal plume development, and thermal bar movement to cross-margin transport phenomena in southern Lake Michigan; to determine the timing, duration and extent of river plumes on a seasonal and interannual basis; and to utilize historical surface water quality data for empirical comparisons with the remotely sensed data.