POWRE: Development of Instrumentation for In-Situ Measurement of Bottom Shear Stress Over Moveable Beds at LEO-15

POWRE：LEO-15可移动床底部剪应力原位测量仪器的开发拟议的工作包括开发一个多方向剪切板，以在位于新泽西州南海岸近海的长期生态系统观测站(LEO-15)研究区15米水中的可移动床上进行现场直接底部剪应力测量。这些类型的测量对海洋科学家和工程师至关重要。泥沙运动、浅水波浪变形预报和中、大尺度水体环流的数值模式，都需要估计床面切应力作为输入。目前，直接测量复杂流态下的时间平均床面剪应力嵌入方程2是不可能的；用于泥沙输运和波浪变换模型的嵌入方程2的估计是通过间接方法获得的。首席研究员最近开发了一种在实验室中直接测量活动床上底部剪应力的技术(Rankin，1997)。这种技术提供了对底部剪应力的直接、实时测量，并且不需要关于床层上方边界层中的流动特性的信息；因此，它非常适合于复杂的流型。我建议继续开发用于LEO-15的剪切板装置。拟议中的仪器开发工作将在几个重要方面促进我们对沉积物输送和海洋野外设施的了解，并为国家的学术研究基础设施做出贡献。该设备的开发将对物理海洋学家模拟沉积物迁移和水动力过程、环境工程师研究疏浚技术并绘制受污染沉积物的命运和迁移图以及研究海底群落斑块动态的生物海洋学家有价值。POWRE奖将对兰金博士的职业生涯产生重大影响。作为一名新的研究人员，这一奖项将提供一个机会，通过开发新的仪器和获得最先进的海洋实地设备来加强她的研究活动。通过POWRE的客座教授项目，兰金博士将有机会与全国知名的海洋学家团队合作。

POWRE: Development of Instrumentation for In-Situ Measurement of Bottom Shear Stress over Moveable Beds at LEO-15 The proposed effort involves the development of a multi-directional shear plate to obtain in-situ direct bottom shear stress measurements over moveable beds at the Long-term Ecosystem Observatory (LEO-15) research area located offshore of the southern coast of New Jersey in 15 m of water. These types of measurements are of critical importance to ocean scientists and engineers. Numerical models for sediment transport, for the prediction of wave transformation in shallow water, and for the circulation of water bodies on meso- and large- scales, all require as input estimates of bed shear stress. At the present time, the direct measurement of the time-average bed shear stress, EMBED Equation.2 , under complex flow regimes remains unattainable; estimates of EMBED Equation.2 used for sediment transport and wave transformation models are obtained through indirect methods. A technique for the direct measurement of the bottom shear stress over a moveable bed in the laboratory was recently developed by the Principal Investigator (Rankin, 1997). This technique offers direct, real time measurements of the bottom shear stress and does not require information about the flow characteristics in the boundary layer above the bed; it is thus well suited for complicated flow regimes. I propose to continue the development of a shear plate device for use at LEO-15. The proposed instrumentation development effort will contribute in several significant ways to our knowledge of sediment transport and oceanographic field installation, and to the nation's academic research infrastructure. The development of this device will be of value to physical oceanographers modeling sediment transport and hydrodynamic processes, to environmental engineers studying dredging techniques and mapping the fate and transport of contaminated sediments and to biological oceanographers examining the patch dynamics of benthic communities. The POWRE award would have a significant impact on the career of Dr. Rankin. As a new investigator, this award will provide an opportunity to enhance her research activities through the development of new instrumentation and access to state-of-the-art oceanographic field equipment. Through POWRE's Visiting Professor program, Dr. Rankin will be afforded the opportunity to collaborate with a nationally known team of oceanographers.