SGER: A Study of State Political Party Endorsement Systems in Gubernatorial Nominations

这是一项关于1998年将由6个州的政党举行的9个初选前支持大会的研究，旨在复制1994年由同一州的研究人员进行的类似研究。虽然从理论上讲，提名候选人是政党最重要的责任之一，但几乎所有州的法律都要求提名采用直接初选，这破坏了美国缔约国的这一职能。但在大约三分之一的州，一个或两个政党使用一些制度机制来努力影响某些职位候选人的提名。本研究的重点是政党认可公约，包括一些州的法律规定的公约和其他州的政党规则规定的公约。这项研究旨在回答有关认可公约运作的几个问题：公约使用的决策过程是什么？认可候选人的标准是什么？大会认可的候选人在什么条件下最有可能获得提名？公约代表如何评价核可进程的影响？跨州研究设计使比较不同类型缔约方的背书成为可能；复制以前的研究使扩大所研究的案件数量和审查随时间推移的趋势成为可能，包括被背书人在提名过程中的成功率下降。调查人员将访问尽可能多的州背书大会，以获得对这一过程的第一手分析。然后，在大会召开后不久，研究人员向来自每一次大会的350名代表发送问卷，以获得关于批准过程的事实信息和印象。将要收集的数据集将对许多其他学者具有价值。

This is a study of nine preprimary endorsing conventions to be held by political parties in six states in 1998, designed to replicate a similar study carried out in 1994 by the researchers in the same states. Although the nomination of candidates is theoretically one of the most important responsibilities of parties, the use of the direct primary, required for nominations by the laws of almost all states has, undermined this function of American State parties. But one or both parties in about one-third of the states uses some institutional mechanisms in an effort to influence the nomination of candidates for some offices. This study is focused on political party endorsing conventions, including ones established by law in some states and those provided by party rules in other states. The research is designed to answer several questions about operations of endorsing conventions: What is the decision-making process used by conventions and what are the criteria for endorsing candidates? Under what conditions is the candidate endorsed by the convention most likely to be nominated? How do convention delegates evaluate the impact of the endorsement process? The cross-state research design makes it possible to compare endorsements made by different types of parties; the replication of previous research makes it possible to enlarge the number of cases studied and to examine trends over time, including the declining success of endorsees in the nominating process. The investigators will visit as many of the state endorsing conventions as possible, to get first-hand analysis of the process. The researchers then send questionnaires to a sample of 350 delegates from each convention, shortly after the convention meets, in order to get factual information and impressions about the endorsing process. The data set to be gathered will be of value to numerous other scholars.