A Collaborative Investigation of Short-Period Gravity Wave Climatology in the Antarctic Mesosphere

该项目将与英国南极调查局联合，在哈雷湾站建造和部署一个全天气辉成像仪。该仪器将提供有关中间层温度和重力波结构的数据，以更大的力度量化地球空间环境与地球中性大气之间的耦合。引力波，特别是小尺度、短周期的引力波，在低空源区和中间层之间的能量传递中起着重要作用。然而，它们在高纬度地区的发生和特征尚未在本项目可能实现的详细水平上进行观察和检查。这是及时的，因为它将与美国宇航局的TIMED卫星（热层/电离层/中间层能量学和动力学）的发射同时进行，这是一种小型遥感和成像航天器。该卫星与地面观测一起，将定量了解中层和低层热层-电离层在50至200公里高度之间的能量学和动力学。这是一个过渡区域，温度变化很大，并随着海拔的升高而急剧增加，大气运动受重力波和潮汐的支配。

This project will, jointly with the British Antarctic Survey, construct and deploy an all-sky airglow imager at the BAS Halley Bay station. This instrument will provide data on mesospheric temperatures and gravity wave structure in a larger effort to quantify the coupling between the geospace environment and the Earth's neutral atmosphere. Gravity waves, particularly small-scale, short-period waves, are known to play an important role in the transfer of energy between their lower altitude source regions and the mesosphere. Their occurrence and characteristics at high latitudes have however not yet been observed and examined at the level of detail that will be possible under this project. It is timely because it will coincide with the launch of NASA's TIMED satellite (Thermosphere/Ionosphere/Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics), a small remote sensing and imaging spacecraft. The satellite, together with ground-based observations, will achieve a quantitative understanding of the energetics and dynamics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere-ionosphere between altitudes of ~50 and 200 km. This is a transition region where temperature variations are large and increase dramatically with altitude, and where atmospheric motions are dominated by gravity waves and tides.