Collaborative Research: In Situ Time-Series Experiments Defining Thermal and Chemical Variability in Tidally Perturbed Submarine Hydrothermal Systems

我们的项目将通过重点关注胡安·德富卡海岭奋进段热液系统中的三个关键问题，探索梯度驱动海底环境中发挥作用的相互作用的物理化学过程。 这些问题包括：1）什么是物理和化学的后果相分离的黑色吸烟者; 2）什么是低温difusely通风流体的起源与高温领域，但也发生远场，和3）潮汐扰动如何可以被用来探索地下化学和微生物过程中的一个单一的热液领域。 这些问题的调查是重要的，在相分离（如沸腾），扩散排气，潮汐强迫操作在许多，如果不是全部，脊顶热液环境，所有这些过程都可以直接研究在四个热液领域的努力。 使用一系列原位物理和化学传感器和一种新的持续流体采样策略，我们将记录流体温度，压力，成分和流速在高温和低温流动区域的潮汐扰动的影响。 我们的目标是开发一系列跨学科模型，将产生这些变化的过程联系起来。 此外，观察到的潮汐效应将提供深入了解整个系统的响应，以ientifiable扰动，并可能使我们能够开发模型的海底下的流动patrium和渗透性结构。

Our program will explore the interactive physical chemical processes at play in gradient driven submarine environments by focusing on three key questions within a hydrothermal system on the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. These questions include: 1) What are the physical and chemical consequences of phase separation in black smokers; 2) What is the origin of low-temperature difusely venting fluids that are associated with high-temperature fields, but which also occur far-field, and 3) How can tidal perturbations be used to explore subsurface chemical and microbiological processes within a single hydrothermal field. Invesigaion of thes questions is important in that phase separation (e.g. boiling), diffuse venting, and tidal forcing operate in many, if not all, ridge crest hydrothermal environments; all of these processes are accessible for direct study in the four hydrothermal fields on the Endeavour. Using a range of in situ physical and chemical sensors and a new strategy for sustained fluid sampling, we will document the effects of tidal perturbations in fluid temperature, pressure, composition, and flow rate in areas of both high- and low-temperature flow. Our goal is to develop a series of interdisciplinary models linking the processes that produce these changes. In addition, observed tidal effects will provide insights into the responses of the entire system to ientifiable perturbations and may allow us to develop models of subseafloor flow paterns and permeability structure.