The Role of Publically-Funded Research in the Formation and Growth of Private Enterprise: Linking Scientists and Biotechnology Firms

这项试点研究将考察联邦政府资助的研究对生物技术公司的形成、生存和成长的影响，为期26年。具体而言，将调查科学资助的地理分布相对于影响学术专门知识向商业活动转移的地方特征的影响。此外，美国国立卫生研究院资助的研究人员在生物技术初创企业中作为创始人、管理人员和合作者的作用也将得到研究。将开发促进NIH数据与商业应用之间联系的方法。最后，将根据美国国立卫生研究院科学项目信息计算机检索（CRISP）数据库的记录，按机构、城市和州对科学领域和商业应用进行详细分析。这项研究将增进我们对技术转让过程和科学信息传播的理解。此外，政策制定者和商界将对其结果产生重大兴趣。

This pilot study will examine the impact of federally-funded research on the formation, survival, and growth of biotechnology firms over a 26-year period. Specifically, the effects of the geographic distribution of science funding relative to the local area characteristics that affect the transfer of academic expertise to commercial activity will be investigated. In addition, the role of NIH-funded researchers as founders, officers, and collaborators in biotechnology start-ups will be studied. Methodologies will be developed that facilitate the linkage between NIH data and commercial applications. Finally, a detailed analysis will be conducted of the field of science and commercial applications by institution, city, and state as recorded in the NIH Computerized Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) data base. The research will enhance our understanding of technology transfer processes and of the diffusion of scientific information. In addition, the results will be of significant interest to policy makers and to the business community.