CRB: The Effects of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus on Introduced and Native Grass Species in California and Implications for Restoration

摘要大麦黄矮病毒对加州引种和本地牧草的影响及其恢复意义在过去的两个世纪里，引种植物已成为许多美国草原的重要组成部分，有时会改变草地的性质并降低饲料质量。加州草原是一个物种组成发生了深刻变化的系统，在这种情况下，从一个以本地多年生草为主的系统变成了一个以外来一年生草为主的系统，现在受到黄星蓟等有毒杂草的威胁。目前改善加州草原质量的努力包括着重恢复本地多年生草的数量。然而，恢复原生草的数量并不总是那么简单。有证据表明，一种常见的谷物病毒大麦黄矮病毒（BYDV）是这些草原上广泛存在的生态因子，并可能在影响本地和一年生物种的种群动态中发挥重要作用。本研究调查了本地和引进的禾本科植物与BYDV之间的相互作用，并验证了BYDV对本地多年生植物种群持久性的限制比对引进的一年生植物种群持久性的限制更强的假设。这项工作将为了解植物病毒在自然群落中的作用提供有价值的见解，目前对这一领域的了解还很匮乏。获得的关于BYDV的信息将与世界上许多普遍存在BYDV的草原相关。对于加州来说，这项工作将是迄今为止在草原和牧场动态分析中被忽视的广泛生态因子的首次调查。对于草原和牧场管理者来说，这项工作将有助于评估原生草种群在BYDV压力下的轨迹，并有助于评估可行性

Malmstrom AbstractCRB: The effects of barley yellow dwarf virus on introduced and native grass species in California and implications for restorationOver the last two centuries, introduced plant species have become notable components of many American grasslands, sometimes altering grassland properties and reducing forage quality. The California grasslands are one system in which species composition has been profoundly transformed, in this case from a system dominated by native perennial grasses to one dominated by exotic annuals and now threatened by noxious weeds such as the yellow star thistle. Current efforts to improve the quality of California grasslands include a focus on restoring populations of native perennial grasses. However, restoring native grass populations has not always been straightforward. Evidence suggests that a common cereal virus, barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), is a widespread ecological agent in these grasslands and may play a notable role in influencing the population dynamics of the native and annual species. This work investigates interactions between native and introduced grasses and BYDV, and examines the hypothesis that BYDV places a stronger limitation on the persistence of native perennial populations than on those of the introduced annuals. The work will provide valuable insight into the role of plant viruses in natural communities, an area in which current understanding is poor. The information gained about BYDV in particular will be relevant to the many grasslands around the world in which BYDV is common. For California, this work will be the first investigation of a widespread ecological agent that has hitherto been overlooked in analysis of grassland and rangeland dynamics. For grassland and range managers, this work will help assess the trajectories of native grass populations under BYDV pressure and will help evaluate the feasibilit