Separation and Recovery of Ions from Aqueous Media with Redox-Recyclable Metal-Complex Extractants

建议没有。： cts -0085892提案类型：研究者发起续签主要研究者：Steven H. Strauss机构：科罗拉多州立大学利用可氧化还原回收的金属络合物萃取剂从水介质中分离和回收离子利用单电子、可氧化还原活性、可回收的分子萃取剂从水中选择性和高效地提取离子，并在最小体积的二次废物中回收目标离子的方法的发展，与潜在科学原理的研究一起继续进行。“氧化还原-可回收”萃取剂是要求空间要求的铁配合物，它们在中性（失活）状态和单阴离子或单阳离子（活化）状态之间穿梭。性能得到改善的新型萃取剂以及由它们制成的新型复合离子交换材料正在制备中。后者中的一些将通过电化学活化和失活，避免了在完整的萃取/失活-剥离/再活化循环中需要化学氧化剂和还原剂。目前也在开发回收方案，使目标离子以结晶盐的形式被分离出来，这是一种真正最小体积的二次废物。这些新的吸附材料用于高灵敏度的FTIR或电化学实时管道探测器，用于选定的目标离子也正在探索中。这种新的分离技术所提供的能力可以在环境保护方面产生重大影响。在选择用于新的提取和/或检测过程的离子中，有对环境构成直接威胁的离子，如高氯酸盐（西部几个州的地下水污染）、氰化物（许多采矿作业的径流）、二甲基酸盐（地下水污染）、阳离子农药，如单品、含氟表面活性剂（包括全氟辛基磺酸盐）、由于其可能对人体健康构成威胁，最近已停止生产)。此外，该项目还有助于提高重要生物技术过程的效率。其他目标离子还包括选定的药物，如青霉素、前列腺素和甲氨蝶呤阳离子，因为新的提取工艺将有效地从当前生产工艺产生的反应混合物和发酵液中分离出它们。

Proposal No.: CTS-0085892Proposal Type: Investigator Initiated RenewalPrincipal Investigators: Steven H. Strauss Institution: Colorado State University Separation and Recovery of Ions from Aqueous Media with Redox-Recyclable Metal-Complex ExtractantsDevelopment of methods for the selective and efficient extraction of ionic species from water and the recovery of the target ions in a minimal volume of secondary waste usingone-electron, redox-active, recyclable molecular extractants continues along with an investigation of the underlying scientific principles. The "redox-recyclable" extractants are sterically demanding iron complexes which are shuttled between their neutral (deactivated) states and their monoanionic or monocationic (activated) states. New extractants with improved performance are being prepared, as are new composite ion-exchange materials made from them. Some of the latter will be activated and deactivated electrochemically, avoiding the need for chemical oxidants and reductants in the complete extraction/deactivation-stripping/reactivation cycle. Recovery schemes that allow the target ions to be isolated as crystalline salts, a truly minimal volume of secondary waste, are also being developed. The use of these new adsorbent materials for highly-sensitive FTIR or electrochemical real-time, in-pipe detectors for selected target ions is also being explored.The capabilities provided by this new separation technique can have a significant impact in environmental protection. Among the ions that have been selected for new extraction and/or detection processes are those that pose a direct threat to the environment, such as perchlorate (groundwater pollution in several western states), cyanide (runoff from many mining operations), dimethylarsenate (groundwater pollution), cationic pesticides such as monoquats, fluorinated surfactants (including perfluorooctylsulfonate, the manufacture of which has been recently discontinued because of its possible threat to human health). Inaddition, this project can contribute to the efficiency of important biotechnological processes. Other target ions also include selected pharmaceuticals such as penicillins, prostagladins, and methotrexate cations, because the new extraction processes will be efficacious for their isolation from reaction mixtures and fermentation broths generated in current manufacturing processes.