Doctoral Dissertation Research: Urban Space, Place and the State in Palestinian-Israeli Mixed Towns, 1948-2000

来自芝加哥大学的一名人类学学生的这篇论文研究了生活在混合城镇的巴勒斯坦人和犹太以色列人如何理解和表达他们的身份。阿拉伯裔以色列人生活在一个民主国家，这排除了他们获得完全公民身份的可能性，但与此同时，他们在领土上、人口上和政治上在整个阿拉伯世界都处于边缘地位。巴勒斯坦以色列人被夹在以色列国和巴勒斯坦民族之间，两者都没有能力提供充分的承诺和成员资格。作为一个集体，这个群体过着一种矛盾的存在：它越是完好无损地保持其传统地位并主张主权决定的权利，它就越是发现自己与国家和公民身份脱节并被排除在外。该项目将在雅法、海法、阿克和拉姆拉等国家和种族混合的城市环境中研究这种悖论。雅法的人种学研究将研究富裕的犹太人和贫穷的混合社区加速中产阶级化的影响，以及阿拉伯居民进入正式的犹太社区的变化过程。通过在雅法的参与式观察，该学生将研究穆斯林和基督教巴勒斯坦人，以及犹太居民的三个亚群体：旧的下层移民，新富裕的中产阶级和年轻学生。通过档案研究，学生将记录雅法和海法、阿克和拉姆拉作为混合城镇的比较历史。这项研究很重要，因为它将促进我们对世界这一重要地区群体间紧张关系的来源和性质的理解，并为年轻的社会科学家提供培训。

0090197Comaroff / MonterescuThis dissertation research by an anthropology student from the University of Chicago studies how Palestinian and Jewish Israelis living in mixed towns understand and express their identity. Arab Israelis live in a democratic state that excludes the possibility of their full citizenship, yet at the same time they are territorially, demographically and politically peripheral in the Arab world at large. Palestinian Israelis are caught between the Israeli state and the Palestinian nation, neither of which is capable of providing full commitment and membership. As a collective this group lives a paradoxical existence: the more it remains intact in its traditional place and asserts a right to sovereign determination, the more it finds itself disconnected and excluded from nationhood and citizenship. The project will study this paradox in the nationally and ethnically mixed urban contexts of Jaffa, Haifa, Acre and Ramla. Ethnographic research in Jaffa will study the effects of accelerated gentrification involving affluent Jews and poor mixed neighborhoods as well as the process of change involving Arab inhabitants moving into formally Jewish neighborhoods. Using participant observation in Jaffa the student will study Muslim and Christian Palestinians as well as three sub-groups of Jewish inhabitants: old lower-class immigrants, new wealthy gentrifiers, and young students. Using archival research the student will document the comparative history of Jaffa and Haifa, Acre and Ramla as mixed towns. This research is important as it will advance our understanding of the sources and nature of the intergroup tensions in this important area of the world, as well as providing training for a young social scientist.