Redox Mechanisms Involving Main Group Centers

肯特州立大学的埃德温·S·古尔德得到了无机化学、生物无机化学和有机金属化学计划的支持，该计划正在进行中，研究涉及主基团中心的氧化还原反应。该提案的一部分涉及强还原主族物种的氧化，包括In(I)、Ga(II)和Ge(I)。这项研究旨在阐明有利于单电子或双电子过程的因素，并澄清这些还原剂的反应以何种方式和原因不同于更常见的无机还原剂的反应。提案的第二部分涉及金属离子对过氧亚硝酸根离子反应的影响。本节的目的是了解金属离子如何以及为什么改变过亚硝酸根反应的速率和选择性。元素周期表右侧元素(所谓的主族元素)的反应模式对生物系统的运作和固态电子设备的制造以及许多其他具有社会意义的科学和技术领域至关重要。然而，与其他元素的相应反应相比，无机化学家对这些元素的某些化学方面的关注要少得多。特别是，半金属铟、锗和镓的低氧化态的特殊反应模式直到最近才开始被探索。这项研究旨在了解这些低价物种不寻常的化学特征的原因。这在这些元素的未来应用中将是重要的，也有助于理清其他复杂的氧化还原过程的各个方面。氮和氧化合物的氧化还原化学也在这个项目中被研究。这些反应最近被证实具有重要的生物学和医学意义。

Edwin S. Gould of Kent State University is supported by the Inorganic, Bioinorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Program in an ongoing program of research dealing with oxidation-reduction reactions involving main-group centers. One part of this proposal deals with oxidations of strongly reducing main-group species, including In(I), Ga(II), and Ge(I). The study aims to elucidate factors that favor one-electron or two electron processes, and to clarify in what way and for what reasons reactions of these reductants differ from reactions of more usual inorganic reductants. A second part of the proposal concerns the effect of metal ions on reactions of the peroxynitrite ion. The goal of this section is to understand how and why metal ions change the rates and selectivities of peroxynitrite reactions.Reactivity patterns of the elements on the right side of the periodic table (the so-called main group elements) are of central importance the functioning of biological systems and in the fabrication of solid state electronic devices, as well as in many other socially significant scientific and technological areas. Nevertheless, some aspects of the chemistry of these elements have received much less attentions from inorganic chemists than corresponding reactions of other elements. In particular, the peculiar reactivity patterns of lower oxidations states of the semi-metals indium, germanium and gallium have only recently been started to be explored. This research aims at gaining understanding of the factors that account for the unusual chemical features of these low-valent species. This will be important in future applications of these elements, and also help to sort out aspects of other complicated oxidation-reduction processes. The oxidation-reduction chemistry of compounds of nitrogen and oxygen is also being studied in this program. These reactions have been recently identified as having great biological and medical importance.