Theoretical Nuclear Physics

布鲁克海文国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机首次允许在实验室中产生能量密度超过转变为其组成夸克和胶子的临界值的核物质。夸克-胶子等离子体被认为只存在于中子星内部和大爆炸后的第一微秒内。由于夸克-胶子等离子体在重离子碰撞的早期阶段只形成了很短的一段时间，因此证实它的存在并研究它的性质无论在实验上还是理论上都是一个巨大的挑战。在这个项目中，我们将发展一个多相输运模型，它可以描述传入原子核之间的相互作用，随后夸克-胶子等离子体的形成，最终回到强子物质的相变，以及热密强子物质的最终膨胀。然后，我们将使用该模型来寻找夸克-胶子等离子体的可能信号。特别是，我们将研究夸克-胶子等离子体的效应是否可以在最终粒子的集体动力学中、在光子和双轻子谱中看到，以及从由奇异夸克和魅力夸克组成的大量重粒子中看到。

0098805KoThe Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at the Brookhaven NationalLaboratory allows for the first time the creation in the laboratoryof nuclear matter with energy density that exceeds the critical valuefor making a transition into its constituent quarks and gluons. Theresulting quark-gluon plasma is believed to exist only in the interiorof neutron stars and during the first microsecond after the Big Bang.Since the quark-gluon plasma is only formed for a brief time duringthe early stage of heavy ion collisions, to verify its existenceand to study its properties pose a great challenge both experimentallyand theoretically. In this project, we shall develop a multiphasetransport model that can describe the interaction between incomingnuclei, the subsequent formation of the quark-gluon plasma, the eventualphase transition back to the hadronic matter, and the final expansionof the hot dense hadronic matter. We will then use the model to findpossible signals for the quark-gluon plasma. In particular, we shallinvestigate if effects due to the quark-gluon plasma can be seenin the collective dynamics of final particles, in the photon anddilepton spectra, and from the abundance of heavy particles thatconsist of strange and charm quarks.