SunRISE - Application Of Spectral Synthesis To The Study Of Solar Visible, UV, EUV And Infrared Variability

研究人员将努力了解太阳辐射变化的物理起源。主要工作是利用太阳大气的半经验模型来表示太阳表面的特征，并在发现差异时重新定义模型。然后，研究人员将确定表面特征分布对辐照度的影响，并将这些信息与光谱合成线和宽光谱带结合起来，以便计算太阳特定状态的光谱辐照度和总辐照度。最终，研究人员寻求确定未来最有效的测量方法，以利用太阳光谱中的基本冗余。RISE计划的目的是提高对极紫外线（EUV）、紫外线（UV）、可见光和红外线中现在、过去和未来辐射输出变化的物理理解。在实际意义上，光谱合成提供了洞察使用替代品（也称为代理）的可靠性，以估计在没有适当精度的直接测量的总辐照度和光谱辐照度。这种对太阳光谱中自然冗余和相干性的利用可以导致更有效的测量和分析程序。研究人员以前的工作说明了谱斑和网络（即磁通量出现）的演变和空间分布在确定辐照度的详细时间变化方面的重要性。这项工作还揭示了连续强度变化对光球层更深处结构的敏感性。持续的猜测，太阳和气候之间的联系，在时间尺度上超过十年提出了重要的问题，在太阳光谱的颜色变化，由于线和连续的变化。对太阳总辐照度和太阳辐射光谱形状的准确理论估计对气候研究至关重要。

The investigators will work to understand the physical origins of solar radiative variability. The main effort is to utilize semi-empirical models of the solar atmosphere to represent features on the solar surface and, where discrepancies are discovered, redefine the models. The investigators will then determine the effect of the distribution of surface features on irradiance and combine the information with spectral synthesis lines and broad spectral bands so as to compute spectral and total irradiance for a particular state of the Sun. Ultimately, the investigators seek to determine the most efficient measurements to make in the future in order to take advantage of the basic redundancy in the solar spectrum. The aim of the RISE program is to improve physical understanding of present, past, and future radiative output variations in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV), ultraviolet (UV), visible and infrared. In a practical sense, spectrum synthesis gives insight into the reliability of the use of surrogates (also known as proxies) to estimate total and spectral irradiance in the absence of direct measurements of appropriate accuracy. This exploitation of the natural redundancy and coherence in the solar spectrum can lead to more efficient measurement and analysis programs. Previous work of the investigators illustrated the importance of the evolution and spatial distribution of both plage and network (i.e. magnetic flux emergence) in determining the detailed time variability of irradiance. This work also revealed the sensitivity of the continuum intensity variation to structures deeper in the photosphere. The continuing speculation of a link between solar and climate variability on timescales longer than a decade raises the important issue of changes in the color of the solar spectrum due to variability of lines and continuum. An accurate theoretical estimate of the total solar irradiance and the shape of the solar radiation spectrum are essential to climate studies.