Arabidopsis 2010: Collaborative Research: Assigning Gene Function in the Arabidopsis One-Carbon Metabolism Network

Shachar-Hill一碳（C1）反应网络提供了用于生物合成的C1单元。它对植物的新陈代谢至关重要，但该网络中的许多酶却知之甚少或根本不为人知。因此，将确定puplant编码以下基因的功能：10-甲酰-THF脱甲酰基酶、肌氨酸氧化酶、甲酰胺酶、5-甲酰-THF环连接酶、S-甲酰谷胱甘肽水解酶、谷氨酸甲酰转移酶、甲硫氨酸g-裂解酶和细胞器形式的5，10-亚甲基-THF脱氢酶。对于所有这些基因，“确定功能”意味着找到编码蛋白的生化活性和亚细胞位置;对于前五个基因，它意味着另外分离拟南芥敲除突变体，并使用NMR，质谱和生化程序确定突变对C1代谢的影响。C1基因网络的GenBank编号见http://www.hos.ufl.edu/meteng/1Cpage1.html。该网站将用于发布研究结果，以及该项目中产生的全长cDNA，抗体和其他资源的目录。 该网站将在2010年中心项目网站建立后与之链接。研究结果也将在会议上提出并发表。 这项研究将满足2010年的项目目标，分配生化和代谢功能的大多数意想不到的，无法解释的，和未探索的基因在植物C1代谢。更广泛的影响将是三方面的。首先是作物改良。为了人类的利益，许多基因工程植物的努力都涉及到C1代谢的变化，这使得了解C1代谢以便成功地进行基因工程变得至关重要。第二，在基本的植物生物化学，因为C1代谢可能是最不了解的植物初级代谢领域，尽管它在光呼吸，木质化和生物碱合成等过程中的中心地位。第三，在一般的生物化学方面，因为植物的C1代谢网络是特殊的，不仅仅是酵母、肝脏或细菌中的微小变化。

Shachar-HillThe network of one-carbon (C1) reactions provides C1 units for use in biosynthesis. It is crucial to plant metabolism, but many of the network's enzymes are known poorly or not at all. Accordingly, functions will be determined for genes that putatively encode: 10-formyl-THF deformylase, sarcosine oxidase, formamidase, 5-formyl-THF cycloligase, S-formylglutathione hydrolase, glutamate forminotransferase, methionine g-lyase, and organellar forms of 5,10-methylene-THF dehydrogenase. For all these genes "determining function" means finding the biochemical activities and subcellular location of the encoded proteins; for the first five it means in addition isolating Arabidopsis knockout mutants and determining the effects of the mutations on C1 metabolism using NMR, mass spectral, and biochemical procedures. GenBank numbers for the network of C1 genes are at http://www.hos.ufl.edu/meteng/1Cpage1.html. This website will be used to post research results as they become available, as well as a catalog of the full-length cDNAs, antibodies, and other resources generated in the project. This website will be linked to the central 2010 project site when it is established. Results will also be presented at meetings and published. This research will meet 2010 project objectives by assigning biochemical and metabolic functions to most of the unexpected, unexplained, and unexplored genes in plant C1 metabolism. The broader impact will be three-fold. First, on crop improvement. Many efforts to genetically engineer plants for human benefit involve changes to C1 metabolism, making it vital to understand C1 metabolism so as to engineer it successfully. Second, on basic plant biochemistry, because C1 metabolism is perhaps the least well understood area of plant primary metabolism despite its central position in processes such as photorespiration, lignification, and alkaloid synthesis. Third, on biochemistry in general, because the plant C1 metabolic network is special, not merely a minor variation on those in yeast, liver, or bacteria.