Partnership for Advancing Technologies in Housing: Designing Panelized Systems to Minimize Impact on Indoor Air Quality in Tightly-Sealed Buildings

使用结构隔热板（SIPs）来创建非常紧密的建筑围护结构，将有助于实现PATH的目标，同时减少对环境的影响，提高新建和现有房屋的能源效率。通常，sip使用定向刨花板和硬质泡沫在多层，三明治状结构。虽然环境优势使这些面板系统非常有吸引力，更紧密的建筑围护结构可能会降低室内空气质量。例如，甲醛、其他醛和萜烯碳氢化合物通常在新制造的和现场建造的房屋中发现，这些化合物与强烈的感官刺激有关。因此，在设计使用SIPs建造的房屋时，必须考虑到这些污染物的释放。最近开发并成功验证了一种预测单层材料排放的扩散模型。这种方法的一个合乎逻辑且非常有前途的扩展是，将该模型应用于预测诸如sip等多层系统的排放。这项研究将描述用于制造SIPs的各个层的发射特征；独立测量不同材料层的模型参数；通过将预测的排放量与实验室研究中获得的观测结果进行比较，验证单层模型；将单层模型扩展为具有适合sip构建的边界条件的复合多层模型；验证sip的多层排放模型，无论是否安装屏障材料；并使用多层模型来优化屏障材料的位置和性能，这些屏障材料可用于显著减少其他先进面板系统的排放。这项研究建立在与劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室环境能源技术部门的Alfred Hodgson现有的成功合作伙伴关系的基础上，并与弗吉尼亚理工大学住房集成系统中心教授兼主任Daniel Dolan博士建立了新的合作关系，从而确保了基础研究快速转化为实际应用。

Designing Panelized Systems to Minimize Impact on Indoor Air Qualityin Tightly-Sealed BuildingsJohn C. LittleThe use of Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) to create very tight building envelopes will help achieve PATH's goals of simultaneously reducing the environmental impact and improving the energy efficiency of new and existing homes. Typically, SIPs use oriented strand board and rigid foam in a multi-layered, sandwich-like structure. Although environmental advantages make these panelized systems very attractive, the tighter building envelope construction may degrade indoor air quality. For example, formaldehyde, other aldehydes, and terpene hydrocarbons are commonly found in new manufactured and site-built houses, and these compounds are associated with strong sensory irritation. The release of these contaminants must therefore be taken into account when designing homes constructed with SIPs. A diffusion model that predicts emissions from single-layer materials has recently been developed and successfully validated. A logical and very promising extension of this approach is to apply the model to predict emissions from multi-layer systems like SIPs. This research will characterize emissions from the individual layers used in the fabrication of SIPs; independently measure the model parameters for the different material layers; validate the single-layer model by comparing predicted emissions to observations obtained in experimental chamber studies; extend the single-layer model to a composite multi-layer model with boundary conditions appropriate for SIPs construction; validate the multi-layer emissions model for SIPs, with and without the presence of an installed barrier material; and use the multi-layer model to optimize the position and properties of barrier materials that can be used to significantly reduce emissions from other advanced panel systems.This research builds on an existing and successful partnership with Alfred Hodgson, of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and forges a new collaboration with Dr. Daniel Dolan, Professor and Director of the Center for Integrated Systems in Housing at Virginia Tech, thereby ensuring rapid translation of fundamental research into practical applications.