Measurements and Improved Parameterization of the Thermal Conductivity and Heat Flow through First-Year Sea Ice

这项研究将推导出第一年南极海冰的热导率作为冰微结构、温度、温度梯度、盐度和其他环境参数的函数。测量将通过将热敏电阻阵列冻结在麦克默多海峡的快速冰层中进行。对于给定的冰温梯度，海冰的导热系数决定了流经冰层的热流的大小，从而决定了海洋和大气之间的热量交换。大气环流模式和大型海冰模式目前包括几十年前开发的冰热传导性的过于简单化的参数，这可能会大大增加估计冰生产率的误差。这项工作的结果将提供给改进的海冰参数参数化，以便与世界气候研究计划主持下建立的海冰模式对比项目(SIMIP2)小组合作。这项研究将促进和改进：(1)我们对控制第一年海冰的热传递和热导率的过程和参数的理解，(2)从热敏电阻阵列推导热导率和热流数据的测量技术，(3)我们对麦克默多海湾地区海冰过程和通过冰盖的热流的理解，(4)用于大规模和高分辨率一维模拟的导热系数的参数化，以及(5)第一年冰的南极和北极热物性在GCM中的表示。

This study will derive the thermal conductivity of first-year antarctic sea ice as a function of ice microstructure, temperature, temperature gradients, salinity, and other environmental parameters. Measurements will be carried out by freezing thermistor arrays into the fast ice of McMurdo Sound. The thermal conductivity of sea ice determines the magnitude of the heat flow through the ice, and hence the exchange of heat between the ocean and atmosphere, for a given ice temperature gradient. General circulation models (GCMs) and large-scale sea-ice models currently include overly simplistic parameterizations of the ice thermal conductivity, developed several decades ago, that are likely to contribute significantly to errors in estimating ice production rates. The results from this work will feed into improved parameterizations of sea ice parameters for collaboration with the Sea-Ice Model Intercomparison Project (SIMIP2) Team established under the auspices of the World Climate Research Program. The research will advance and improve: (1) our understanding of processes and parameters controlling heat transfer and thermal conductivity of first-year sea ice, (2) measurement techniques for the derivation of thermal conductivity and heat flow data from thermistor arrays, (3) our understanding of sea-ice processes and heat flow through the ice cover in the McMurdo Sound region, (4) parameterizations of thermal conductivity for use in large-scale and high-resolution one-dimensional simulations, and (5) the representation of first-year ice antarctic and arctic thermal properties in GCMs.