Microbial Genome Seqencing: A Genomic Approach to Sulfur Biotransformations in the Ocean: The Genome Sequence of a Marine Roseobacter

海洋排放的二甲基硫化物(DMS)代表着硫向地球大气的主要自然输入。一旦进入大气，二甲基硫被迅速氧化，形成硫气溶胶，对大气化学和全球气候系统产生重要影响。最近的证据表明，海洋玫瑰杆菌谱系的成员在执行这些全球重要功能方面发挥了关键作用。玫瑰杆菌群的代表，包括Silicibacter sp.DSS-3已知执行DMS及其前体化合物二甲基磺酸丙酯(DMSP)的许多(如果不是大多数)主要生物地球化学转化。尤其重要的是，像DSS-3这样的生物不仅有能力从DMSP产生DMS，而且还有能力通过一种完全绕过DMS的替代途径代谢DMSP。目前，人们对海洋细菌如何调控这些不同的途径，或途径调控如何影响海洋中复杂的DMS生物地球化学知之甚少。从而获得了硅杆菌的基因组序列。DSS-3将为破译海洋浮游细菌如何控制海洋硫排放提供关键信息。在这个项目中，一个完全封闭和注释的硅杆菌序列。将获得DSS-3，目标是开发可用于研究细菌介导的海洋有机硫转化的微生物学和生态学的分子工具。玫瑰杆菌群是目前唯一一种主要的海洋异养生物，其成员可以很容易地在实验室中培养和操纵。在此基础上，建立了硅杆菌的基因组序列。DSS-3也将引起海洋生物地球化学家和微生物生态学家的广泛兴趣。序列数据将通过TIGR微生物数据库网站(www.tigr.org/tdb/tdb.html)提供给科学界。序列数据的初始发布将以在3倍序列覆盖范围内组装的重叠群的形式进行，此后每月发布数据。这是一个微生物基因组测序奖，通过国家科学基金会和农业部未来农业和食品系统倡议之间的合作活动提供资金。

The emission of dimethylsulfide (DMS) from the ocean represents the major natural input of sulfur to the Earth's atmosphere. Once in the atmosphere, DMS is rapidly oxidized, forming sulfur aerosols that have an important impact on atmospheric chemistry and the global climate system. Recent evidence points to a key role for members of the marine roseobacter lineage in carrying out these globally-important functions. Representatives of the roseobacter group, including Silicibacter sp. DSS-3, are known to carry out many, if not most, of the major biogeochemical transformations of DMS and its precursor compound, dimethylsulfonioproionate (DMSP). Of particular importance is the fact that organisms like DSS-3 have the ability to produce DMS from DMSP but also the ability to metabolize DMSP by an alternative pathway that bypasses DMS altogether. Little is currently known about how these different pathways are regulated in marine bacteria, or how pathway regulation affects the complex DMS biogeochemistry in the sea. Thus the genome sequence of Silicibacter sp. DSS-3 will provide key information for deciphering how marine bacterioplankton control sulfur emission from the ocean. In this project, a fully closed and annotated sequence of Silicibacter sp. DSS-3 will be obtained, with the goal of developing molecular tools that can be used to investigate the microbiology and ecology of bacterially mediated organic sulfur transformations in the ocean. The roseobacter group is currently the only major lineage of marine heterotrophs whose members can be readily cultured and manipulated in the laboratory. As such, a genome sequence of Silicibacter sp. DSS-3 will also be of broad interest to marine biogeochemists and microbial ecologists. Sequence data will be provided to the scientific community through the TIGR Microbial Database site (www.tigr.org/tdb/tdb.html). Initial release of the sequence data will be in the form of contigs assembled at 3-fold sequence coverage, with monthly data releases thereafter. This is a Microbial Genome Sequencing Award funded through a collaborative activity between the National Science Foundation and the Department of Agriculture Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems.