Development of High-Pressure Facility at the University of Washington

1997年8月，地质系从斯坦福大学获得了一批珍贵的实验设备。设备包括：1)高容量1.4 GPa哈伍德两级气体压缩机和较小的第三级“游标”泵。2)两个5cm内热压力容器和一个较小的4.1 cm内热压力容器，设计压力均为1gpa。3)大量的阀门、仪表和管材。在华盛顿大学已经提供的资金的基础上，研究人员将把这些设备组装成一个最先进的高压高温实验设施。该设施将用于在控制或监测氢、氧和硫的逸度的条件下，在环境压力到1 GPa （10,000 bar）和温度高达1500摄氏度的条件下对地质问题进行实验性探索。该PT范围不能准确地通过任何其他常用的实验方法获得。该设施将能够探测地球上大部分大陆地壳和上大洋地幔的条件。这一压力和温度范围也包括了火星陨辉石可能的来源区域（Ghosal et al., 1998）。该实验装置的大体积和将许多电馈线纳入高压环境的能力使实验设计具有极大的灵活性。此外，由于压力介质是气体，因此可以精确地测量压力，并且可以保证样品所经历的压力完全是各向同性的。提出了只能在这种装置中进行的超声波实验

EAR-0214547KressIn August, 1997, the Department of Geology acquired a number of valuable pieces of experimental equipment from Stanford University. Equipment includes: 1) A high-capacity 1.4 GPa Harwood two-stage gas compressor and smaller third stage "vernier" pump. 2) Two 5 cm bore internally heated pressure vessels and a smaller 4.1 cm bore vessel, all with a design pressure of 1 GPa. 3) A large collection of valves gauges and tubing. Building on funds already provided by the University of Washington, the investigators will assemble this equipment into a working state-of the-art high-pressure high-temperature experimental facility. This facility will be used for experimental exploration of geological problems under conditions ranging from ambient to 1 GPa (10,000 bars) pressure and temperatures up to 1,500 degrees centigrade under controlled or monitored fugacities of hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur. This PT range is not accurately accessible by any other commonly used experimental method. This facility will be capable of exploring conditions found over most of Earth's continental crust and down to upper oceanic mantle. This pressure and temperature range also includes the probable source region for Martian shergottites (Ghosal et al., 1998). The large volume of this experimental apparatus and the ability to incorporate numerous electrical feedthroughs into the high pressure environment allows tremendous flexibility in experimental design. Furthermore, because the pressure medium is a gas, pressures can be measured accurately, and one can be assured that the pressure experienced by the sample is entirely isotropic. Ultrasonic experiments are proposed that can only be done in this type of device.***