The social and economic development of the Neolithic in eastern Arabia as seen from archaeological investigations at Dosariyah/ Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

目前在Dosariyah(沙特阿拉伯王国东方省)新石器时代遗址进行的考古研究有助于更好地了解公元前5千年阿拉伯湾沿岸定居点的经济和社会进程。它们使人们能够深入了解人类群体对特定环境条件的不同适应，这些环境条件影响了阿拉伯半岛在全新世早期和中期出现的粮食生产经济。此外，Dosariyah是阿拉伯海湾沿岸少数几个可以广泛研究与美索不达米亚南部良好关系的考古遗址之一。因此，Dosariyah的考古调查有可能回答东阿拉伯遥远过去的关键问题。该项目的主要目的是分析伴随着阿拉伯新石器时代发展的经济和社会进程。动物遗骸的特殊保存条件、广泛的发现范围以及遗址上明确的地层学使人们能够运用广泛的方法进行多方面的研究。这些研究侧重于阿拉伯东部新石器时代的经济和文化根源，但也侧重于由于不同的环境适应而对特定资源的开发。在中央海湾地区发现了最重要的乌贝德陶器身体，这进一步有助于研究墨西哥湾沿岸和美索不达米亚南部之间的相互关系。可能相互关联的是阿拉伯第一个本土陶器传统的出现，这是阿拉伯湾沿岸新石器时代遗址的一个独特特征，直到今天才被广泛探索。Dosariyah的研究扩展提供了回答关于该遗址当地环境和经济条件的仍然悬而未决的研究问题的可能性。预计预测结果将导致对中央海湾地区与乌贝德有关的最重要地点之一的更全面了解。因此，可以顺利完成对Dosariyah的重新调查。

Current archaeological research at the Neolithic site of Dosariyah (Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) contributes to a better understanding of economic and social processes that characterize settlements along the coast of the Arabian Gulf in the 5th millennium BCE. They allow for insights into diverse adaptations of human groups on specific environmental conditions that influenced the emergence of a food producing economy on the Arabian Peninsula during the early and mid-Holocene. Additionally, Dosariyah is one of the very few archaeological sites along the Arabian Gulf coast where well-established relationships to southern Mesopotamia can be extensively studied. Archaeological investigations at Dosariyah therefore have the potential to answer key questions of Eastern Arabia's distant past.Major aim of the project is the analysis of economic and social processes that accompanied the development of the Neolithic in Arabia. Exceptional preservation conditions of faunal remains, a broad spectrum of finds, and a well-defined stratigraphy at the site allow for multifaceted studies applying a broad methodological spectrum. These studies focus on the economic and cultural roots of the Neolithic in Eastern Arabia, but also on the exploitation of specific resources as a result of diverse environmental adaptations. The discovery of the most substantial corpse of Ubaid pottery in the Central Gulf area further allows for the study of interrelationships between the Gulf coast and Southern Mesopotamia. Probably interrelated is the appearance of a first indigenous pottery tradition in Arabia, a unique characteristic of Neolithic sites along the Arabian Gulf coast that is widely unexplored until today.The extension of research at Dosariyah offers the possibility to answer still open research questions concerning the local environment and economic conditions at the site. Predicted findings are expected to result in a more comprehensive picture of one of the most important Ubaid-related sites in the Central Gulf area. The reinvestigation of Dosariyah can thus be successfully completed.