Collection and Analysis of Radio- and Stable Carbon Isotopes along Selected CLIVAR Repeat Hydrography Lines

OCE-0223434 DI 14 C和DI 13 C样本将沿着沿着选定的重复水文学巡航进行采集和分析，这些巡航从未进行过放射性碳采样或距离上次采样已过去15-20年。同位素数据将迅速提供给社区;并将有助于建立测量这两种同位素的良好参考材料。 DIC中的放射性碳长期以来一直被认为是海洋过程，特别是海洋碳循环研究中的重要示踪剂。作为这项研究的一部分收集的数据将用于研究深海中的混合、通风率和停留时间、海气交换、温跃层通风率，并校准海洋环流模型。对人为碳源的示踪研究在很大程度上依赖于对海洋炸弹清单及其随时间变化的精确了解。只有在有良好的数据集并能在空间上很好地表示海洋的情况下，才能在全球范围内有信心地做到这一点。在全球基础上直接计算炸弹库存穿透深度的变化，只有在一段时间内重复进行全球测量才有可能。取样地点的选择反映了成功进行海洋碳研究的空间和时间序列要求。DI 13 C以与DIC互补的方式跟踪人为CO2的输入。化石燃料和生物质燃烧增加的CO2的d13 C（约-25）明显低于大气CO2（约-7，工业化前）。利用本文提出的DI 13 C的精确测量方法，可以在表层海洋沃茨中跟踪大气变化。这里收集的样本将允许建模社区在OGCM中组合联合收割机DIC、DI 13 C和DI 14 C。这将极大地提高重建的准确性，从而增加对这些模型预测的信心。我们不能强调足够的重要性，进行这些同位素测量与碳参数和其他瞬态示踪剂的测量。这个项目是对美国国家科学基金会综合碳循环研究计划和气候变化研究计划的贡献。

OCE-0223434DI14C and DI13C samples will be collected and analyzed along selected Repeat Hydrography cruises where there has never been radiocarbon sampling or where 15-20 years have passed since the last sampling. The isotopic data will be promptly provided to the community; and will contribute to the establishment of good reference materials for the measurement of both isotopes. Radiocarbon in DIC has long been recognized and used as an important tracer in studies of ocean processes and, in particular, of the ocean carbon cycle. Data collected as part of this study will be used to study mixing, ventilation rates and residence times in the deep ocean, air-sea gas exchange, thermocline ventilation rates, and to calibrate ocean general circulation models (OGCMs). Tracer studies of anthropogenic sources of carbon rely heavily on a precise knowledge of the oceanic bomb inventory and its changes over time. This can only be done globally with confidence if there are good datasets with good spatial representation of the oceans. Direct calculations of the bomb inventory penetration depth changes on a global basis are only possible with repeated global measurements over time. The sampled locations have been selected to reflect both the spatial and the time-series requirements for a successful ocean carbon study. DI13C tracks the input of anthropogenic CO2 in a complementary fashion to DIC. The d13C of CO2 added from fossil fuel and biomass burning (approx. -25 ) is significantly lower than that of atmospheric CO2 (approx. -7 , pre-industrial). The atmospheric change can be tracked in the surface ocean waters with the precise measurements of DI13C proposed here. The samples collected here will allow the modeling community to combine DIC, DI13C and DI14C in OGCMs. This will greatly improve the accuracy of the reconstructions possible and, consequently, increase confidence in the predictions made from these models. One cannot emphasize enough the importance of conducting these isotopic measurements in conjunction with the measurement of carbon parameters and other transient tracers. The combined amount of information possible will be far greater than that available alone.This project is contribution to NSF's Integrated Carbon Cycle Research Program and the CLIVAR Program.