US-France Cooperative Research: Comparative Sources of Self-Potential on Active Volcanoes

0233517约翰斯顿这项为期三年的美法合作研究奖的获得者是加州门洛帕克美国地质调查局的马尔科姆·约翰斯顿和学生，以及法国克莱蒙费朗地球物理观测站的雅克·兹洛特尼基。目的是将活火山自身电位产生的理论、实验室和实地测量结合起来，特别是研究火山周围的电磁信号来源。调查人员将研究现有的温度、流体和气体生成过程的数据。联合比较将侧重于分离有助于SP的过程和监测火山活动的影响。研究人员将在著名的火山地区——Piton de la Fournaise（留尼旺岛）、Soufriere（加勒比海）、Kilauea（夏威夷）、Long Valley Caldera（美国）和Miyake-jima（日本）——收集的实验室和实地数据中寻找异常。美国调查员为该项目带来了流体蒸发和电荷传输方面的专业知识。这与法国在电动效应方面的专业知识相辅相成。该项目有可能理解火山的信号，并可能带来更好的预测方法。该奖项代表了美国国家科学基金会和法国国家科学研究中心（CNRS）联合提案的美方。美国国家科学基金会将支付美国研究员和研究生的旅费和生活费。法国科学研究中心将支持法国研究人员访问美国。

0233517JohnstonThis three-year award for US-France cooperative research involves Malcolm J. Johnston and students at the US Geological Survey in Menlo Park, California and Jacques Zlotnicki of the Observatory of Earth Physics in Clermont-Ferrand, France. The objective is to bring together theoretical, laboratory and field measurements of self-potential (SP) generation on active volcanoes, and in particular, to study sources of electric and magnetic signals around volcanoes. The investigators will study existing data for temperature, fluids and gas generation processes. Joint comparisons will focus on separation of processes that contribute to SP and the implications for monitoring volcano activities. The investigators will look for anomalies in laboratory and field data collected in well-known volcanic regions - Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion Island), Soufriere (Caribbean), Kilauea (Hawaii), Long Valley Caldera (US) and Miyake-jima (Japan). The US investigator brings to the project expertise on fluid vaporization and charge transport. This is complemented by French expertise in electrokinetic effects. The project has potential to understand signals from volcanoes and could lead to better prediction methods. This award represents the US side of a joint proposal to NSF and the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). NSF will cover travel funds and living expenses for the US investigator and graduate student. The CNRS will support the visits of French researchers to the United States.