Nuclear Structure Studies with 4 pi Detector Arrays

拟议的研究计划利用罗彻斯特4p重离子探测器CHICO，加上美国首屈一指的高分辨率伽马射线设备Gammasphere，在重离子束设施中探测高角动量和远离稳定的原子核结构。耶鲁-罗彻斯特大学的YRAST伽玛射线探测器阵列与耶鲁大学的20MV串联加速器相连接，将用于补充伽马球中心提出的研究计划。CHICO的发展，对Gammasphere的贡献，以及库仑激发、重离子诱导转移和裂变碎片光谱学技术，是罗切斯特多年努力的成果。它们被用来研究原子核的集体运动模式，探测单粒子和配对自由度，以及探索远离稳定的富含中子的奇异原子核。这项研究的应用，如计划研究原子核中的外来亚稳态（异构体）状态，可能提供一种利用受激异构体衰变进行能量储存或建造伽马射线激光器的方法。克莱恩将继续参与下一代高分辨率伽马射线探测器技术的开发，该技术采用跟踪每个伽马射线相互作用的位置和能量的新概念。这种探测器将提供比目前可用的分辨率高几个数量级的能力，使目前核科学无法进行的研究成为可能。除了对核科学产生巨大影响外，这种伽马射线跟踪和成像探测器的潜在影响将对包括天体物理学、医学、工业和核保障在内的广泛应用产生相当大的影响。建议的研究项目将为研究生和博士后教育提供理想的环境。

The proposed research program exploits the Rochester 4p heavy-ion detector CHICO, plus Gammasphere, this nation's premier high-resolution gamma-ray facility, at heavy-ion beam facilities in order to probe the structure of nuclei at high angular momentum as well as far from stability. The Yale-Rochester YRAST gamma-ray detector array, which is coupled to the Yale 20MV tandem accelerator, will be used to complement the proposed research program at Gammasphere. The developments of CHICO, contributions to Gammasphere, and the techniques of Coulomb excitation, heavy-ion induced transfer, and fission-fragment spectroscopy, are the culmination of many years of effort at Rochester. These are used to study collective modes of motion in nuclei, to probe single-particle and pairing degrees of freedom and to explore exotic neutron-rich nuclei far from stability. The research has applications such as the planned studies of exotic metastable (isomeric) states in nuclei may provide a means of using stimulated isomer decay for energy storage or for building gamma-ray lasers. Cline will continue to be involved in the development of the next generation high-resolution gamma-ray detector technology that employs the new concept of tracking the location and energy of every gamma-ray interaction. Such detectors will provide a resolving power that is orders of magnitude better than currently available, enabling studies that at present are inaccessible to nuclear science. Besides having an enormous impact on nuclear science, the potential impact of such gamma-ray tracking and imaging detectors will be considerable to a wide range of applications, including astrophysics, medicine, industry, and nuclear safeguards. The proposed research program will be an ideal environment for graduate and post-doctoral education.