Atmospheric Field Measurements in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

该项目是对现有主要国际项目的补充，该项目旨在量化大气排放，了解并改善发展中大城市墨西哥城大都市区（MCMA）的空气质量。2003年春季，MCMA将开展一项密集的实地活动，包括在一个流动实验室和一个主要地面站点部署先进仪器。具体来说，地面站点将通过增加研究级可见光/近紫外微分光学吸收光谱（DOAS）和光探测和测距（LIDAR）仪器来加强密集。目前可用的移动实验室将通过集成新仪器来增强测量关键活性氮物种，包括气相氨和硝酸，升级现有的质子转移反应质谱仪（PTR-MS），以允许实时测量选定的芳香烃和含氧烃，并开发和部署自动化采样系统，允许实时测量瞬态排放的微量气体和细颗粒。研究人员将进行实验，以深入了解驱动光化学氧化剂和次生细气溶胶颗粒产生的气体污染物的数量和特性，以及细气溶胶负担的排放、组成和时间演变。将对所得数据集进行分析，并将其纳入更大的项目数据档案以及正在进行的北美对流层臭氧战略评估、建模和政策制定活动。就墨西哥城可能是其他大型城市中心的代表而言，该项目为发展中国家特大城市的空气质量提供了一些见解。教育和能力建设的影响包括墨西哥和美国研究人员在该领域的广泛和实质性合作，以及墨西哥在数据分析阶段与美国机构的学生交流。

This project adds to an existing major international program designed to quantify atmospheric emissions and to understand and improve air quality in a developing mega-city, the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). In Spring 2003 an intensive field campaign will be undertaken in the MCMA involving advanced instrumentation deployed aboard both a mobile laboratory and at a major surface site. Specifically, the surface site will be enhanced for the intensive by the addition of research grade visible/near ultraviolet Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) and LIght Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) instruments. The currently available mobile laboratory will be enhanced by integrating new instruments to measure key reactive nitrogen species, including gas-phase ammonia and nitric acid, upgrading the current Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS) to allow real-time measurements of selected aromatic and oxygenated hydrocarbons, and developing and deploying an automated sampling system allowing real-time trace gas and fine particle measurements of transient emissions. The investigators will undertake experiments to gain insight into the quantity and identity of gaseous pollutants driving photochemical oxidants and secondary fine aerosol particle production as well as the emission, composition and temporal evolution of the fine aerosol burden. The resulting data sets will be analyzed and integrated into the larger project data archive as well as into ongoing North American Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) assessment, modeling and policy development activities. Insofar as Mexico City is perhaps representative of other large urban centers this project affords some insight as to air quality of mega-cities in developing countries. The educational and capacity building impacts include extensive and substantive collaborations between Mexican and U.S. researchers in the field, and Mexican student exchange with U.S. institutions during the data analysis phase.