Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Archaeology at Chanlacan: An Early Colonial Maya Community in Northern Belize

在辛西娅·罗宾博士的指导下，玛克辛·奥兰德将完成她的论文研究的考古数据收集，这些数据来自16 -17世纪玛雅人在查拉坎的社区。查拉坎的居民在被征服和未被征服的玛雅世界的边界上，在伯利兹北部的Progresso泻湖海岸，经历了西班牙的殖民主义。该遗址因其在早期玛雅人抵抗西班牙当局的运动中所起的作用而从殖民西班牙文献中闻名。通过对家庭和社区的研究，奥兰德将探讨查拉坎与西班牙和玛雅邻居的互动，并试图了解西班牙当局和玛雅人在社区中的抵抗的有效性。这个项目的目标是研究玛雅人对Chanlacan殖民经历的看法。通过挖掘和测绘家庭，该项目将解决Chanlacan居民的生活物质现实，他们面临着来自西班牙和未被征服的玛雅群体的压力。人们在家里使用的日常用品和食物，他们为贸易或贡品生产的商品类型，以及人们安置和组织家庭的方式，都有助于解释Chanlacan与其邻国之间互动的本质，以及殖民当局和当地抵抗的有效性。该项目将首先试图绘制殖民时期社区内的所有家庭，然后将家庭分为三个大小组。每个规模的群体中有一个家庭将被充分挖掘，以揭示家庭中发生的各种经济和仪式活动。家庭将相互比较，以检查不同的策略，土著个人和团体在Chanlacan用来谈判的殖民经验。这些家庭发掘具有跨文化意义，因为伯利兹的玛雅人是世界上许多在欧洲殖民主义边缘过渡到生活的土著群体之一。本论文的研究将影响伯利兹的国家，特别是围绕Progresso泻湖的现代居民，以及更大的学术界。伯利兹政府鼓励殖民时期考古，因为这一时期在历史上的记录非常少。Progresso的居民也对考古感兴趣，希望能鼓励旅游业和当地的历史自豪感。与往年一样，挖掘者将展示项目研究中的文物，并用西班牙语为Progresso居民举办一系列讲座。除了有偿的现场工人外，发掘队还将为当地高中志愿者提供考古现场方法和研究方面的培训。该项目还将以每年出版的考古报告的形式向伯利兹政府提出结果。这些报告保存在伯利兹贝尔莫潘考古部的档案库中，副本将分发给Progresso泻湖附近的地方图书馆和城镇官员。学术上，结果将在奥兰德的论文和随后的书籍和期刊出版物中传播，由此产生。初步结果将在2004年的全国考古会议上提交给同事们。此外，该项目将为Oland和几名研究生和本科生志愿者提供实地经验和培训。

Under the supervision of Dr. Cynthia Robin, Maxine Oland will complete the collection of archaeological data for her dissertation research from the 16th-17th century Maya community of Chanlacan. Residents of Chanlacan experienced Spanish colonialism at the boundary between the conquered and unconquered Maya world, on the shores of Progresso Lagoon, in northern Belize. The site is known from Colonial Spanish documents for its role in the early Maya resistance movement against Spanish authority. Through a household and community study Oland will address Chanlacan's interactions with both Spanish and Maya neighbors, and will seek to understand the effectiveness of both Spanish authority and Maya resistance at the community. It is the goal of this project to examine the Maya perspective on the colonial experience at Chanlacan. By excavating and mapping households, this project will address the lived material realities of residents of Chanlacan, who faced pressures from both Spanish and unconquered Maya groups. The everyday items and foods people used in their houses, the types of goods they produced for trade or tribute, and the way people placed and organized their households can help explain the nature of interaction between Chanlacan and its neighbors, and the effectiveness of colonial authority and local resistance. This project will first seek to map all households within the Colonial period community, and will then divide the households into three size groups. One household from each size group will be fully excavated to expose the various economic and ritual activities that took place within the households. Households will be compared with one another in order to examine the different strategies that native individuals and groups at Chanlacan used to negotiate the colonial experience. These household excavations are significant cross-culturally because the Maya of Belize are one of many native groups around the world that transitioned to life at the edge of European colonialism.This dissertation research will impact the nation of Belize, specifically the modern residents around Progresso Lagoon, as well as the larger academic community. The Belize government has encouraged Colonial period archaeology, because this epoch is so poorly documented there historically. Residents of Progresso also have interests in the archaeology in hopes of encouraging tourism and local historical pride. As in past years, excavators will present an exhibition of artifacts from the project research, and give a series of lectures in Spanish for Progresso residents. In addition to paid field laborers, the excavation team will offer to train local high school volunteers in archaeological field methods and research. The project will also present results in the form of an annually published archaeological report to the government of Belize. These reports are kept in an archive at the Department of Archaeology in Belmopan, Belize, and copies will be distributed to local libraries and town officials near Progresso Lagoon. Academically, results will be disseminated in Oland's dissertation and in subsequent book and journal publications that result from it. Initial results will be presented to colleagues at the national archaeology meetings in 2004. Furthermore, this project will provide field experience and training to Oland and several graduate and undergraduate student volunteers.