Support for Existing Western U.S. GPS Networks

0318549 Prescott该赠款支持255个连续运行的全球定位系统接收器（CGPS）的持续运行和维护，这些接收器是目前在美国西部运行的470个CGPS站和一个激光应变仪系统的子集，为期18个月。 通过联刚特派团为了提高全球定位系统的管理能力，大地测量/地球物理学界选出了255个全球定位系统中心站，这些中心站是迄今为止六个独立的区域全球定位系统网络的一部分，这些网络的开发和运行费用以前由包括国家科学基金会、美国航天局、国家海洋和大气管理局、美国地质勘探局和凯克基金会在内的多个来源提供支助。 现在是南加州综合大地测量网（SGICN）、湾区区域变形网（BARD）、盆地和山脉大地测量网（BARGEN）、东部盆地和山脉-黄石GPS网（EBRY）、太平洋西北大地测量阵列（PANGA）和阿拉斯加变形阵列（AKDA）一部分的台站将作为一个统一的单位进行运营和维护，并进行监督管理，联合国安哥拉和平部队有限公司提供的设备更换协调和工程援助设施和总部员工以及区域网络科学家和工程师通过分包给南加州大学（SCIGN）、加州大学伯克利分校（BARD）、加州理工学院（BARGEN）、史密森天体物理天文台（BARGEN）、犹他州大学（EBRY）、中央华盛顿大学（PANGA）、该项目的主要目标是将上述美国西部区域GPS网络中的CGPS接收机最终集成到板块边界观测站（PBO）EarthScope的组成部分。 PBO的设计目标包括：1）运行875个CGPS站，包括一个沿北美西缘从墨西哥到阿拉斯加和从美国西海岸向东到落基山脉高原的沿着延伸的间距约为200 km的CGPS接收器骨干阵列，以及邻近选定的火山和断层构造的额外的密集CGPS接收器集群; 2）175个分布式钻孔应变仪阵列; 3）5个长基线激光应变仪。 本提案为美国西部目前正在运行的GPS台站的运行和维护支持提供了临时资金，这些台站最终可能成为PBO骨干的一部分，并通过NSF/MREFC EarthScope运行和维护预算提供支持，为期五年。延长可用的核心PBO CGPS时间序列旨在为EarthScope/PBO的更广泛的仪器系统相关目标服务，以便：1）检测和理解从几天到几十年的时间尺度上的瞬时变形过程; 2）限制可能困扰CGPS接收器观测的垂直变形场的精确观测的不确定性，从而允许在固体地球变形的各种地球物理模型之间进行区分; 3）提高我们对各种低频噪声源的认识，这些噪声源可能妨碍GPS观测最微妙的构造信号。

0318549PrescottThis grant support the the ongoing operation and maintenance of 255 continuously operated global positioning system receivers (CGPS) that are a subset of 470 CGPS stations currently operational in the western U.S and one laser strainmeter system for a period of eighteen months. Through UNAVCO, Inc. governance, the geodetic/geophysics community selected 255 CGPS stations that are part of six heretofore independent regional GPS networks whose development and operational costs have been previously supported through multiple sources including NSF, NASA, NOAA, USGS and the Keck Foundation. Stations now a part of the Southern California Integrated Geodetic Network (SGICN), the Bay Area Regional Deformation Network (BARD), the Basin and Range Geodetic Network (BARGEN), the Eastern Basin and Range-Yellowstone GPS network (EBRY), the Pacific Northwest Geodetic Array (PANGA), and the Alaska Deformation Array (AKDA) will be operated and maintained as a coherent unit, with oversight management, equipment replacement coordination and engineering assistance from UNAVCO, Inc. facility and headquarters employees and additional efforts by regional network scientists and engineers through subcontracts to the University of Southern California (SCIGN), UC-Berkeley (BARD), Caltech (BARGEN), Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (BARGEN), University of Utah (EBRY), Central Washington University (PANGA), and the University of Alaska (AKDA).A primary goal of this project is to provide for the ultimate integration of CGPS receivers in the above listed western U.S. regional GPS networks into the Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) component of EarthScope. The design goals of PBO include: 1) the operation of 875 CGPS stations consisting of a backbone array of CGPS receivers with approximate 200 km spacing extending along the western margin of North America from Mexico to Alaska and from the west coast of the U.S. eastward to the Rocky Mountain Plateau and additional denser clusters of CGPS receivers proximal to selected volcanic and fault structures; 2) an array of 175 distributed borehole strainmeters, and; 3) five long baseline laser strainmeters. This proposal provides temporary funding for operations and maintenance support for currently operating GPS stations in the western U.S. that may ultimately become part of the PBO backbone and supported through the NSF/MREFC EarthScope operations and maintenance budget five years hence A lengthening of the available core PBO CGPS time series is intended to serve the broader instrumentation system related goals of EarthScope/PBO to: 1) detect and understand transient deformation process on timescales from days to decades; 2) constrain uncertainties which can plague precise observation of the vertical deformation field observed by CGPS receivers and thereby allow for discrimination between various geophysical models of solid earth deformation, and; 3) enhance our understanding of the various low frequency noise sources that can preclude GPS observation of the most subtle tectonic signals.***