SENSORS: Hourglass: An Infrastructure for Sensor Network

这项提议将涉及以下研究问题：如何构建能够有效工作数十年或数百年的传感器；如何在有限的功率预算下构建和管理此类传感器，以及如何构建能够从已部署的传感器网络收集数据并将这些数据高效地发送到需要它们的应用程序的基础设施；如何构建一个能够支持我们今天甚至无法想象的应用程序的系统，这些系统的商业价值是什么，它们如何从根本上改变可以提供的服务。在这个项目下开发的拟议系统有三个总体组件：传感器网络本身，我们称之为数据收集网络的基础设施，以及使真正的应用程序开发所需的工具。在硬件层面，将开发低功耗、长寿命设备的结构，并通过利用设计层次的所有级别(从电路、架构和软件)来实现能效目标。在基础设施层面。沙漏是一种用于在传感器和应用程序之间动态引导数据和控制的体系结构，其设计灵活到足以适应不可预见的应用程序，并通过支持对技术的快速进步的适应性，同时仍保持与传统传感器网络的交互能力，从而应对设计为持续多年的嵌入式基础设施，这些能力因后勤原因而不能改变。在应用层，真正的问题是谁能确保要构建的系统解决商业、医药和环境监测中的实际问题。这三个层通过有线和无线通信链路连接，我们建议解决与以下相关的基本问题：1)为节点内通信和控制开发一种具有嵌入式优先级MAC的节能自适应通信协议；2)开发Over the Horizon(OTH)协议，这是在紧急情况等支持网络基础设施故障的情况下传感器网络与外部世界之间的远程通信协议。

This proposal will address research issues such as: how to construct sensors that can usefully function for tens or hundreds of years; how to construct and manage such sensors on a limited power budget, and how to construct an infrastructure that can collect data from deployed networks of sensors and route that data efficiently to the applications that need them; how to build a system capable of supporting applications that we cannot even imagine today, and what is the business value of these systems and how can they fundamentally transform the services that can be provided.The proposed system to be developed under this project has three overall components: the sensor networks themselves, the infrastructure that we call a data collection network, and the tools necessary to enable development of real applications. At the hardware level, construction of low-power, long-lived devices will be developed and energy-efficiency goals will be met by leveraging all levels of the design hierarchy: from the circuits, architecture, and software. At the infrastructure level. Hourglass is an architecture for dynamically directing data and control between sensors and applications, and is designed to be flexible enough to adapt to unforeseen applications and to cope with sensor networks that are embedded infrastructures designed to last many years, by enabling adaptivity to rapid advances in technology while still retaining the ability to interact with legacy sensor networks, which cannot be changed for logistical reasons. At the application layer, real problems who can ensure that the systems to be build solve real problems in business, medicine, and environmental monitoring. These three layers are connected via both wired and wireless communication links and we propose to address fundamental questions related to: 1) the development of a power efficient adaptive communication protocol with embedded prioritized MAC for intra-node communications and control and 2) the development of Over The Horizon (OTH), a long distance communication protocol between the sensor network and the outside world in case of support network infrastructure failure in cases such as in the event of an emergency.