Urban Interventions - Comparative analysis and evaluation of urban interventions in art, theater and political/cultural activism from an urban design perspective

在该项目的第一阶段，对“干预”一词进行了话语分析评估，在个案研究的基础上探讨了城市干预措施，并进行了实地研究。案例研究侧重于四个核心主题：作为紧急援助的城市干预、作为赋权的城市干预、作为监管政策的工具和作为抗议形式的城市干预；实地研究以汉堡的城市干预为主题。这些研究的目标是制定城市干预措施的分类和评估其有效性的标准。为此，根据若干参数(如意图、行为者星座、方法、效果)对选定的案例研究进行了分析和系统化。结果显示，许多城市干预措施的结果并不明确：没错，它们是有效的，但往往以不同于预期的方式。以汉堡的公园小说为例，这是一个批评城市发展的参与式艺术项目，最终成为城市营销努力的福音。这种模棱两可的情况表明，必须从不同的角度评估城市干预措施，以便考虑到有关工具化的一系列问题。因此，作为汉堡实地研究的一部分，分类是多价的。在该项目的第二阶段(特此提议)，将使用比较实地研究来确定这种模糊是汉堡特有的现象还是城市干预的一般特征。哈勒/莱比锡/德索和埃森/鲁尔这两个“萎缩”地区将与“受创伤”城市贝尔格莱德和贝鲁特一起进行评估，以此作为与“成长中的”汉堡城市的比较。此外，全球抗议运动(占领、阿拉伯之春等)使用的空间接管方法和策略。将从城市设计的角度作为专题案例研究进行分析。项目第一阶段建立的初步分类将在这些实地和案例研究的框架内进行审查、扩展和完善，以及评估有效性的标准。除了实地和案例研究的科学文献外，该项目的总体目标是发展一种理论，提出并系统地记录干预主义做法的机制和模棱两可的地方，以便在可能的情况下，将其发展为城市设计的方法论工具。该项目将具体探讨是否可以跨学科将“干预”理解为特定时代的行动模式的问题。研究将伴随着研讨会。它的结果将在研讨会上讨论，在出版物上记录下来，并通过展览的方式与公众分享。最初的评估和话语分析于2012年5月发表，名为《干预词汇》。包括初步分类在内的实地研究将于2013年5月公布。

In the first phase of the project, a discourse-analytical evaluation of the term "intervention" was carried out, urban interventions were explored on the basis of case studies, and a field study was conducted. The case studies focused on four core themes: urban interventions as emergency aid, as empowerment, as instrument of regulatory policies and as form of protest; the field study took urban interventions in Hamburg as its subject. The goal of these studies was the development of a taxonomy of urban interventions and criteria for evaluating their effectiveness. To that end, the selected case studies were analyzed and systemized according to several parameters (e.g. intention, constellation of actors, method, effect). The results revealed an ambiguity in the outcome of many urban interventions: they are effective, yes, but often in a different way than intended. Take, for example, Hamburg's Park Fiction, a participatory art project critical of urban development that eventually became a boon for the city's marketing efforts. Such ambiguities make clear that urban interventions must be evaluated from a variety of perspectives in order that a range of questions regarding instrumentalization be taken into consideration. The taxonomy developed as part of the Hamburg field study is accordingly polyvalent.In the (hereby proposed) second phase of the project, comparative field studies will be used to determine whether such ambiguities are a phenomenon specific to Hamburg or a general characteristic of urban interventions. "Shrinking" regions Halle/Leipzig/Dessau and Essen/Ruhr will be evaluated along with "traumatized" cities Belgrade and Beirut as a point of comparison to the "growing" city of Hamburg. In addition, the spatial takeover methods and strategies used by global protest movements (Occupy, Arab Spring, etc.) will be analyzed as thematic case studies from an urban design perspective.The preliminary taxonomy established in the first phase of the project will be reviewed, expanded and refined within the framework of these field and case studies, as will the criteria for the assessment of effectiveness. The overall goal of the project - beyond the scientific documentation of the field and case studies - is the development of a theory that presents and methodically records the mechanisms and ambiguities of interventionist practices so that they may, if possible, be developed as methodological instruments of urban design.The project will specifically explore the question of whether or not "intervention" can be understood across disciplines as an era-specific model of action.The research will be accompanied by workshops. Its results will be discussed in symposia, documented in publications and shared with the general public by means of an exhibition.The initial evaluation and discourse analysis was published in May 2012 as "Glossar der Interventionen". The field study, including preliminary taxonomy, will come out in May 2013.