CAREER: Study of the Electronic and Spin Degrees of Freedom in Strongly Correlated Electron Materials: A Novel Approach

这个教师早期职业发展（Career）项目的目标是获得对新型复杂材料（如高温超导体和巨磁阻锰）电子特性的基本理解。目标是研究它们的基本激发，以了解电子、晶格、轨道和自旋自由度之间的微妙耦合和竞争是如何导致具有奇异性质的新型材料的。该方法将：1)专注于新材料，设计和选择，以便每次增强一个相关变量，从而逐步理解复杂材料中不同自由度之间的强相互作用。2)通过开发一种新的自旋光发射装置，直接解决自旋自由度问题，这是决定相关材料基态性质的最重要因素之一。该提案的教育部分包括对本科和研究生教育的大量贡献，自然会培养未来的科学家，以充分利用国家对同步辐射设施的投资。上述研究工作还将与开发一门新课程和一系列新的研讨会结合起来。该课程的目标是建立学术界和工业界之间的联系，促进两者之间的联系和联合研究项目。该系列研讨会旨在向追求科学事业的女性提供服务，并为女研究生创造积极的榜样。纵观历史，新技术的发展以及最终基于这些技术的工业都是由新材料的发现推动的。今天，我们面临着类似的机会，基于一种被称为强相关系统的新材料的发现。这些系统的一个独特之处在于，人们可以以一种完全不同于传统金属和绝缘体的方式调整它们的特性。例如，现在只要加入很小比例的电荷，就可以使绝缘体变成高温超导体。通过对这些材料的适当掌握，我们可以达到一个点，这些系统可以彻底改变像能源、交通、电信等行业。这个教师早期职业发展项目的目标是提供对相关材料的物理和性质的深刻见解。所提出的方法的独特优势是直接探测电子和自旋的动力学，这最终提供了对材料性质的关键见解。这将通过将一种称为光发射光谱的实验技术与一种称为自旋光发射的新工具的开发相结合来实现，该工具将允许人们直接探测自旋。该提案的教育部分侧重于将学术努力与工业应用联系起来。在学术方面，将重点培养未来的科学家，以充分利用国家对同步辐射设施的投资。此外，还将举办一系列旨在鼓励妇女从事科学和工程事业的研讨会。这些研讨会的一个重要组成部分是将女研究生与学术界和工业界的积极榜样联系起来。

The goal of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) project, is to acquire fundamental understanding of the electronic properties of novel complex materials, such as high temperature superconductors and colossal magnetoresistance manganites. The goal is to study their elementary excitation to understand how the subtle coupling and the competition between electron, lattice, orbital and spin degrees of freedom, leads to new classes of materials with exotic properties. The approach will: 1) Focus on novel materials, designed and selected so as to enhance one of the relevant variables at a time, thus providing an advantage of understanding step by step the strong interplay between different degrees of freedom in complex materials. 2) Tackle directly the spin degrees of freedom, one of the most important ingredients in determining the ground state properties of correlated materials, through the development of a novel spin-photoemission setup. The educational component of this proposal includes substantial contributions to undergraduate and graduate education and will naturally train future scientists to fully utilize the nation's investment in synchrotron radiation facilities. The above research efforts will also be integrated with the development of a new course and a new series of seminars. The goal the course is to establish a link between academia and industries, to facilitate contacts and joint research programs between the two. The series of seminar aim to outreach for women that purse a scientific career and to create positive role models for women graduate students. Throughout history, the development of new technologies and ultimately industries based on these technologies has been driven by the discovery of new materials. Today, we face a similar opportunity based on the discovery of a new class of materials known as strongly correlated systems. One of the unique aspects of these systems is that one can tune their properties in a fashion completely different than for conventional metal and insulators. For example, it is now possible to make an insulator into a high temperature superconductor simply by adding a very small percentage of charge. With the proper mastery of these materials we can reach a point where these systems can revolutionize industries like energy, transportation, telecom, and more. The goal of this Faculty Early Career Development project is to provide deep insight on the physics and properties of correlated materials. The unique advantage of the proposed approach is to directly probe the dynamics of the electrons and spin, which ultimately provide key insight on the properties of the materials. This will be achieved by combining an experimental technique known as photoemission spectroscopy with the development of a novel tool called spin-photoemission, which will allow one to directly probe the spin. The educational component of this proposal focuses on linking academic efforts with applications in industry. On the academic side, there will be a focus on training future scientists to fully utilize the nation's investment in synchrotron radiation facilities. In addition, there will be a series of seminars designed to encourage women to pursue scientific and engineering careers. An important component of these seminars will be to connect women graduate students with positive role models in both academia and industry.