Quantum chromodynamics in nuclear and polarized scattering

该提案要求一名研究助理和一名学生提供支持，与高级参与者一起研究与布鲁克海文、杰斐逊和费米国家实验室和斯坦福大学直线加速器中心以及现有和计划中的国际实验室正在进行的实验有关的量子色动力学（QCD）主题。这些实验涉及碰撞原子核和/或核子（质子和中子）。它们通过研究基本粒子、夸克和胶子是如何在膨胀宇宙的最早阶段自由运动的，如何被束缚（“限制”）成中子和质子（核子）来测试物质的基本性质。核子又构成所有原子的核。此外，通过极化碰撞的核子（调整其自旋），实验以新颖的方式揭示了它们的内部结构。QCD被普遍认为是核子和原子核形成的控制理论，但它在碰撞中限制夸克和产生新粒子的机制尚未完全理解，这是理论物理学中最重要的挑战之一。拟议的研究将有助于综合和扩展现有的理论方法，从基本粒子和核物理在这一领域的实验期间正在进行和分析。该项目所取得的进展也可能对若干相关的理论领域产生影响。该项目将为扩大核能和高能社区之间以及理论和实验之间的联系提供理想的机会。它的特点是综合研究和培训，并将为初级参与者提供职业发展机会。这项工作的专业环境将强调外地内部和外地之间的交流。

This proposal requests the support of one research associate and one student to work with senior participants on topics in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) relevant to ongoing experiments that are carried out at the Brookhaven, Jefferson and Fermi National Laboratories and the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, as well as at international laboratories present and planned. These experiments, involve colliding nuclei and/or nucleons (protons and neutrons). They test basic properties of matter, through the investigation of how the elementary particles, quarks and gluons, which moved freely at the earliest stages of the expanding universe, became bound ('confined') to make up neutrons and protons (nucleons). Nucleons in turn constitute the nuclei of all atoms. Also, by polarizing (aligning the spin of) nucleons that are collided, experiments shed light on their internal structure in novel ways. QCD is generally accepted as the controlling theory for the formation of nucleons and nuclei, but the mechanisms by which it acts to confine quarks and produce new particles in collisions are not fully understood, and is one of the most important challenges in theoretical physics. The proposed research will help to synthesize and extend existing theoretical methods from elementary particle and nuclear physics in this area during a period in which experiments are being performed and analyzed. Progress resulting from this project may also have impact on several related theoretical areas. This project will provide an ideal opportunity for broadening contact between the nuclear and high energy communities, and between theory and experiment. It is characterized by integrated research and training, and will provide career-enhancing opportunities for the junior participants. The professional environment of this work will emphasize intra- and inter-field communication.