ClassAction: A Model Rapid-Feedback and Dynamic Formative Assessment System

ClassAction项目正在开发一种互动课堂材料模型，用于大学科学入门课程的形成性评估和快速学生反馈。 形成性评估项目采用电子数据库中精心制作的多项选择题的形式，专为促进合作讨论的学生投票而设计。 基于学生的误解研究，他们的目的是让快速和可靠的形成性评估的学生学习在大型教室配备了电子个人响应系统。 这些问题通过动画和模拟直观地说明，并且是动态的，因为教师可以轻松地将其转换为替代表示。 每个模块都包含大量的背景教学资源，以便教师提供反馈。 这些问题最初是在非科学专业的天文学入门背景下设置的，针对的是学生普遍存在的误解，这些误解已被证明难以推翻。 这些材料是使用学习周期方法设计的，以鼓励学生引出，面对和解决他们的误解。 这些努力有效地平衡了研究知情的教学法和创造力。 ClassAction项目对形成性评估用于改善天文学教学的方式产生了相当大的影响，并且底层设计很容易转移到其他学科。 数据库基础设施和创建的材料正在整个科学教育界广泛传播。

The ClassAction project is developing a model for interactive classroom materials for formative assessment and rapid student feedback in introductory college science courses. Taking the form of carefully crafted multiple-choice questions in electronic databases, the formative assessment items are specifically designed for student voting that promote collaborative discussion. Based on student misconceptions research, they are designed to allow rapid and reliable formative assessment of student learning in large classrooms equipped with electronic personal response systems. The questions are illustrated visually with animations and simulations and are dynamic in that instructors can easily transform them into alternative representations. Considerable background instructional resources are included in each module to allow instructors to provide feedback. Initially set in the context of introductory astronomy for non-science majors, the questions target common student misconceptions that have proven difficult to overturn. The materials are designed using a learning cycle approach to encourage students to elicit, confront, and resolve their misconceptions. These efforts effectively balance research informed pedagogy and creativity. The ClassAction project has considerable impact on the way in which formative assessment is used to improve astronomy instruction and the underlying design is easily transferable to other disciplines. The database infrastructure and created materials are being widely disseminated throughout the science education community.