Characteristics of current roadside pollution under different environmental conditions fundamentals for the development of a new roadside pollution monitoring concept

由于汽车和燃料添加剂使用了新材料和新技术，污染物沿着的数量和类型发生了变化。在过去的多环芳烃和重金属（铅，锌，镉，铬）已积累附近的道路。自从停止使用含铅汽油以来，铅的重要性下降了，而由于催化转化器，铂族元素现在发挥着越来越大的作用。土壤样本揭示了污染物的累积量。在这项研究计划中，我们打算评估路边污染的目前特征。建议在交通密度高的动脉附近建立试验监测区，并在两至三年内观察累积情况。将移除15厘米的表层土壤，并以干净的石英砂取代，从而排除自然背景和历史贡献。将根据污染物颗粒的特征形态、磁性和化学性质，对污染物颗粒的来源进行核查。铁相与污染物一起排放并沉积在地面上，也具有吸附重金属的能力。这使我们能够使用磁代理方法快速有效地评估污染的空间范围和定性程度。气候和社会经济因素可影响路边污染的特征。因此，将在不同的气候条件下建立监测样地。为监测目的制定准则将是研究的另一个实际目标。这项工作将作为德国和波兰的合作项目进行，其中包括来自其他几个国家的合作伙伴。

The amount and type of pollutants along roadsides change due to the use of new materials and techniques for cars and fuel additives. In the past polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr) have been accumulated near roads. Since withdrawal of leaded petrol the importance of Pb decreased, whereas due to catalytic converters platinum group elements now play an increased role. Soil samples reveal the accumulated amount of pollutants. In this project we intend to assess the present characteristics of roadside pollution. It is suggested to prepare experimental monitoring plots located close to arteries with high traffic density and observe accumulation over two to three years. A 15 cm layer of top soil will be removed and replaced by clean quartz sand thus excluding natural background and historical contributions. Verification of the origin of pollutant particles will be carried out on the basis of their characteristic morphology, magnetic and chemical properties. Together with pollutants iron phases are emitted and deposited on the ground, also having adsorption capacity for heavy metals. This allows us to use magnetic proxy methods for fast and efficient assessment of the spatial extent and qualitative degree of contamination. Climatic and socio-economical factors can influence the characteristics of roadside pollution. Therefore monitoring plots will be established in different climatic conditions. Formulation of guidelines for monitoring purposes will be a further practical aim of the study. The work will be done as a German-Polish collaboration project including partners from several other countries.