Collaborative SGER: Investigation of Spatial and Temporal Patterns in the Concentrations of Redox-Active Chemical Species at a USGS NAWQA Cycle II Site

0408264和谐摘要。 潜流带内的生物地球化学循环可显著影响地下水和地表沃茨之间的元素和化合物通量。 该提案利用现有的USGS基础设施和当前的NSF STC活动来监测（1）更广泛的氧化还原活性物质阵列和（2）使用新型传感器网络部署的氮物质的空间和时间密集模式。 项目人员将分析潜流区孔隙水样品中的一系列美国地质勘探局未考虑的微量元素，如稀土元素、铀和砷。 一个平行的努力将部署一个连续的hyporheic区传感器网络针对氮氧化还原物种。 该网络将部署在美国地质勘探局人工采样站附近，将包括商用硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和铵传感器以及开发中的硝酸盐微传感器，并将提高空间分辨率，增加整个调查的时间分辨率。 智力上的优点。 虽然人们普遍认为地下水-地表水的相互作用在确定河流中的沉积物和水质方面发挥着重要作用，但对大多数元素和化合物的化学通量和生物地球化学缺乏定量的了解。 拟议的努力将扩大美国地质勘探局计划的化学分析，以包括一系列尚未在这种环境中调查的化学物种。 所确定的物种和趋势将产生新的见解的地下水-地表水相互作用的缓冲能力的潜流带的地球化学。 与此同时，传感器网络部署将揭示空间和时间模式，具有足够的分辨率，以揭示空间变化和梯度之间的关系，并识别不同时间尺度（昼夜，季节等）上的时间模式。更广泛的影响。 本次调查的结果将是有用的利益相关者与流域管理问题，如设置总的最大日负荷，确定河岸缓冲区的最小宽度，以保护栖息地，和其他人。 氮物种传感器网络的成功部署将通过改变科学家观察河床的方式，促进环境网络基础设施的发展。 加州大学默塞德分校的本科生和研究生的教育和培训将通过对该网站环境网络基础设施的投资而得到丰富，该网站距离这个新的加州大学校园约20英里。 加州大学默塞德的使命是为圣华金河谷的人民服务。 默塞德县2000年的人口普查数据表明，该县45%的居民是拉丁美洲人或西班牙裔，不到11%的人拥有大学学位，超过21%的人生活在贫困线以下。 拟议的SGER项目在美国地质勘探局正在进行的（尽管是临时的）努力的背景下是可能的。 SGER项目的及时启动至关重要，这样我们就可以与美国地质勘探局计划于2004年3月进行的采样相协调;美国地质勘探局在该地点的采样计划仅在1-1/2年内进行。

0408264HarmonAbstract. Biogeochemical cycling within the hyporheic zone can significantly affect the flux of elements and chemical compounds between groundwater and surface waters. This proposal leverages existing USGS infrastructure and current NSF STC activities to monitor (1) a more extensive array of redox active species and (2) more spatially and temporally dense patterns of nitrogen species using a novel sensor network deployment. Project personnel will analyze hyporheic zone porewater samples for a range of trace elements not being considered by USGS, such as rare earth elements, uranium, and arsenic. A parallel effort will deploy a continuous hyporheic zone sensor network targeting nitrogen redox species. This network will be deployed adjacent to the USGS manual sampling station, and will include commercial nitrate, nitrite and ammonium sensors and developmental nitrate microsensors, and will enhance the spatial resolution and add temporal resolution to the overall investigation. Intellectual merit. While it is generally understood that groundwater-surface water interactions play an important role in determining sediment and water quality in streams, a quantitative understanding of the chemical flux and biogeochemistry has been lacking for most elements and chemical compounds. The proposed effort will expand the USGS-planned chemical analyses to encompass an array of chemical species which have not been investigated in this environment. The species and trends identified will yield new insight into the biogeochemistry of the hyporheic zone and its capacity to buffer groundwater-surface water interactions. At the same time, the sensor network deployment will reveal spatial and temporal patterns with sufficient resolution to reveal between spatial variability and gradients, and to identify temporal patterns on different timescales (diurnal, seasonal, etc.).Broader Impact. The results from this investigation will be useful to stakeholders associated with watershed management issues such as setting total maximum daily loads, determining the minimum width of riparian buffer zones necessary to preserve habitat, and others. The successful deployment of the nitrogen species sensor network will contribute to the movement toward an environmental cyberinfrastructure by changing the way in which scientists observe streambeds. The education and training of undergraduate and graduate students at UC Merced will be enriched by this investment in environmental cyberinfrastructure at this site, which is locate about 20 miles from this new UC campus. The mission of UC Merced is to serve the people of the San Joaquin Valley. Merced County census data from 2000 indicate that 45% of the county residents are Latino or Hispanic, less than 11% have college degrees, and more than 21% live below the poverty level.SGER Justification. The proposed SGER project is possible in the context of on-going (though temporary) USGS efforts. A timely start for the SGER project is critical so that we can coordinate with the planned USGS sampling in March 2004; USGS sampling at this site is planned to take place over a period of only 1-1/2 years.