Experiences of Surveillance Technologies in Gated Communities and Public Housing

使用现代监控技术来监控公共活动对决策者和公民提出了严峻的挑战，特别是在9/11事件后的世界。关于监视技术的辩论的核心是，保护民主自由不受犯罪或恐怖主义威胁以及技术入侵的目标往往相互冲突。该项目特别关注公共和半公共居住场所的监控技术，将通过记录监控技术的经验，为这一正在进行的辩论做出实证贡献。该项目将探讨在两个非常不同的居住和社会交往场所（封闭社区和低收入公共住房）使用现代监控技术（特别是闭路电视系统）。研究地点将包括凤凰城大都会区的3个封闭社区和3个公共住宅区。在为期12个月的实地研究中，将进行90次访谈，以确定这些环境中视频监控的公众体验差异。指导性问题是：1）人们对居住地的监控技术有什么意义？2）人们如何通过监控技术的存在来了解他人？这项研究的重点将是确定监测技术经验的模式。其次，将关注监控系统的实际设计和分布，以确定它们如何在空间中变化，以及感知和行为是否根据系统的类型而变化。该项目产生的主要智力贡献将是更好地理解监视技术在居住地的社会和政治影响。这一项目将产生一本关于公共生活中的监视技术的学术著作，并将在全球化的政治和经济背景下讨论这一主题。这项研究的实际成果将是一套政策准则，用于制定适当的公共政策，管理居住地的监视技术。鉴于决策者对安全和监视问题的种种关切，这项研究的结果应该是及时和有价值的。

The use of modern surveillance technologies to monitor public activities presents difficult challenges to policymakers and citizens, especially in a post-9/11 world. Central to the debate over surveillance technologies are the oftentimes conflicting goals of safeguarding democratic freedoms from criminal or terrorist threats and from technological intrusion. Focusing specifically on surveillance technologies in public and semi-public places of residence, this project will make an empirical contribution to this ongoing debate by documenting experiences of surveillance technologies. This project will explore the use of modern surveillance technologies(specifically closed circuit television (CCTV) systems) in two very different places of dwelling and social interaction: gated communities and low-income public housing. Research sites will include 3 gated communities and 3 public housing complexes in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Throughout 12 months of field research, 90 interviews will be conducted to identify differences in public experiences of video surveillance across and within these settings. The guiding questions are 1) what meanings do people attribute to surveillance technologies in places of residence?, and 2) how do people come to understand others through the presence of surveillance technologies? The emphasis of this study will be to identify patterns in experiences of surveillance technologies. Secondary attention will be given to the actual design and distribution of surveillance systems in order to determine how they vary across spaces and whether or not perceptions and behaviors vary according to the types of systems present. The main intellectual contribution generated from this project will be a greater understanding of the social and political effects of surveillance technologies in places of residence. An academic book on surveillance technologies in public life will be generated from this project, and it will situate the topic within the political and economic context of globalization. The practical outcome of this study will be a set of policy guidelines for crafting appropriate public policy governing surveillance technologies in places of residence. Given the myriad concerns facing policymakers about issues of security and surveillance, the findings of this study should be both timely and valuable.