Children as Legacies of War: An Exploratory Study of Humanitarian Actors as Agents of Change

HSD-0432844 Charli Carpenter匹兹堡大学国际和平协会将支持一个关于在冲突局势中对因大规模强奸和强迫怀孕而出生的儿童进行人道主义反应的探索性项目。这项研究分析了在种族战争中使用强迫怀孕运动引发的变革进程，以及冲突后局势中人权倡导者在减轻对因大规模强奸而出生的儿童的负面社会文化反应方面可以发挥的作用。最初的项目包括一个跨学科讲习班和随之而来的论文数量，旨在启动不同社会对因战时强奸而出生的儿童的反应方式的比较研究。NSF的资助将允许非北美学者参与该项目，否则他们将无法前往研讨会。第二，和平协会将与纽约、日内瓦和内罗毕的人道主义工作者开展重点小组，以便收集关于冲突后局势中的规范宣传工作影响对大规模强奸幸存者及其子女的社会文化反应的现有知识状况和差距的数据。这项研究将增进我们对性别、族裔、暴力和群体认同之间关系的理解。一份蓬勃发展的文献确定了武装冲突中的性别暴力与更广泛的社会政治动荡之间的关系，但关于这种暴力所生的儿童所起的作用，或人类社会如何适应武装冲突后涌入的这类儿童的文章很少。这项研究的结果将通过编辑后的卷、政策文件和会议介绍进行传播，并有可能影响关于身份认同、侵略和族裔间暴力的学术研究，以及减轻冲突后这些动态对人类群体的影响的政策举措。此外，通过让来自非西方背景的学者和实践者积极参与理论建设和研究事业，该项目将扩大地理代表性不足群体的参与，并拓宽我们对这些社会动态的复杂性的洞察力。

HSD-0432844Charli CarpenterUniversity of PittsburghThe PI will support an exploratory project on the humanitarian response to children born of mass rape and forced pregnancy in conflict situations. The research analyzes the transformative processes triggered by the use of forced pregnancy campaigns in ethnic warfare and the role human rights advocates in post-conflict situations can play in mitigating negative socio-cultural reactions to children born of mass rape. The initial project includes an interdisciplinary workshop and a resulting volume of essays, which is designed to initiate comparative research on the ways in which different societies respond to children born as a result of wartime rape. NSF funding will allow participation in the project by non-North American scholars who would otherwise be unable to travel to the workshop. Secondly, the PI will conduct focus groups with humanitarian practitioners in New York, Geneva and Nairobi in order to gather data on the state of and gaps in existing knowledge about the conditions under which norm advocacy efforts in post-conflict situations impact socio-cultural reactions to mass rape survivors and their children This research will increase our understanding of the relationship between gender, ethnicity, violence and group identity. A burgeoning literature has identified the ways in which gender violence in armed conflict relates to broader socio-political upheavals, but very little has been written on the role played by children born of such violence, or ways in which human communities adapt to an influx of such children after armed conflict. The study's results will be disseminated through an edited volume, a policy paper and conference presentations and has the potential to impact scholarship on identity, aggression and inter-ethnic violence, as well as policy initiatives to mitigate the impact of these dynamics on human groups after conflict. Moreover, by actively involving scholars and practitioners from non-Western contexts in the theory-building and research enterprise, the project will broaden the participation of geographically under-represented groups and broaden our insights about the complexity of these social dynamics.