Collaborative Research: Place-Based Decision Support for Spatial and Temporal Transference of Risk and Hazards

不平等（地理的、时间的、社会的）的作用是脆弱性科学中最不为人所知的概念之一。脆弱性科学是一个新兴的多学科领域，主要研究是什么使人和地方容易受到来自自然、技术或人为威胁的环境威胁。这项研究考察了灾害和风险对人们及其居住地的不同影响，并将开发新的方法和模型，以衡量地方一级对极端事件和慢性风险的脆弱性（和复原力）。两个基于地点的案例研究将作为基于地理信息系统的决策支持工具包中理论、概念、方法和模型的连接测试平台。案例研究地点是加利福尼亚州的洛杉矶和南卡罗来纳州的查尔斯顿，选择的基础是常见和独特的灾害（飓风、地震）、区域规模依赖的复杂性、建筑环境的性质以及团队成员的当地知识。该项目将提供一个收集信息的协议和工具包，以指导和促进对危险脆弱性不断变化的分布和性质的认识。它将把这些知识和工具转移到从业者社区，从而为联邦、州和地方各级关于灾害准备、规划、反应和减少的决策提供科学依据。它还将有助于培训下一代脆弱性科学家。

Place-Based Decision Support for Spatial and Temporal Transference of Risk and HazardsThe role of inequality (geographic, temporal, social) is one of the least understood concepts in vulnerability science, an emergent multidisciplinary field focused on what makes people and places vulnerable to environmental threats from natural, technological, or human-induced threats. This research examines the different impacts of hazards and risks on people and the places they live and will develop new methods and models for measuring vulnerability (and resilience) to extreme events and chronic risks at the local level. Two place-based case studies will serve as test-beds for linking theory, concepts, methods, and models in a GIS-based decision support tool kit. The case study sites, Los Angeles, CA and Charleston, SC were chosen based on the mix of common and unique hazards (hurricanes, earthquakes), a range in scale-dependent complexities of the regions, the nature of the built environment, and the local knowledge of team members.This project will provide a protocol and tool kit for gathering information to guide and advance knowledge of the changing distribution and nature of hazards vulnerability. It will transfer such knowledge and tools to the practitioner community, thus providing the scientific basis for decisions regarding hazard preparedness, planning, response, and reduction at the federal, state, and local levels. It will also help train the next generation of vulnerability scientists.