International Integrated Microdata Series

过去40年来，覆盖世界大部分地区的大量原始人口普查微观数据以机器可读的形式保存下来。然而，研究人员仍然无法获取这些数据中的大部分。该项目创建了一个综合全球数据库，其中包括至少44个国家的150多次人口普查。国际综合公共用途微观数据系列(IPUMS-International)将是世界上最大的公共用途人口数据库，每个国家都有多个样本，能够进行跨越时间和空间的分析。这些微型数据和所附文件将通过网上数据传播系统免费提供，供学术和教育研究使用。该项目利用美国国家科学基金会对一个即将完成的重大社会科学基础设施项目--“国际综合微数据访问系统”(SBR9908380)--的投资。该项目涵盖了寻找和保存微数据和文件、谈判传播协议、制定数据清理和抽样程序、创建数据转换和传播软件以及制定数据和文件设计协议的许多费用。因此，创建新的数据库将具有很高的成本效益。人口普查微观数据是人类和社会动态研究和教育的一种特殊的未开发资源。新的数据库拥有跨越40年的超过5亿条记录，将提供比任何替代数据来源更广泛的时间范围和更大的样本密度。对大多数国家来说，人口普查是现有人口数据的最具代表性的来源。新的数据库将使调查人员能够分析在一个前所未有的经济、人口和政治动荡时期的全球变化。研究团队是唯一有资格承担这一大规模数据库项目的人。研究人员代表了不同的领域，包括人口学、经济学、流行病学、历史学、区域规划和社会学。他们在大规模人口普查基础设施项目和广泛的国际微数据经验方面取得了无与伦比的成就。明尼苏达州人口中心将是该项目的所在地，提供特殊的设施和技术支持。该项目将通过以下方式减少国际研究和教育的障碍：保存数据集并免费提供，将其转换为统一格式，提供全面的文件，并采用网络工具传播微观数据和文件。该数据库将为社会和行为科学的广泛领域提供基础设施，包括经济学、地理学、社会学、人口研究和环境研究。大多数国家的研究人员目前甚至无法获得本国的人口普查微观数据；国际人口普查研究所将使这一重要科学资源的获取大众化，为全球范围的研究创造前所未有的机会。人口普查微数据提供有关个人、家庭和家庭的信息，它们允许用户将任何所需的人口和住房特征相互联系起来。微观数据提供的灵活性对于社会动态比较研究至关重要，因为国家统计局编制的汇总表格通常不能在不同时间或不同国家之间进行比较。在少数几个研究人员可以轻易获得涵盖多个人口普查年份的人口普查微观数据的国家中，这些数据是研究大规模经济和人口变化的最广泛使用的来源。为世界近一半的人口提供综合的人口普查微观数据，将使研究人员能够比以前更详细地描述世界的变化。更重要的是，这些数据将提供前所未有的机会，以调查变革的动因并评估其对人类社会的影响。人口普查微观数据是研究经济发展、城市化、生育率转变、大规模移徙、人口老龄化、大众教育、民主化以及日益增长的国际贸易和资本流动等大规模变革性变化的重要资源。每个国家的多重人口普查提供了历史深度，揭示了隐藏在最近过去的快照中的变化轨迹。这些数据可以详细研究社会和经济变化与气候、地理和环境变化的关系。它们还特别适合于评估家庭结构、经济不平等、文化多样性和同化等不同领域的社会、经济和人口变化对人类的影响。

A vast body of raw census microdata covering much of the world over the past four decades survives in machine-readable form. The bulk of these data, however, remains inaccessible to researchers. This project creates an integrated global database of over 150 censuses from at least 44 countries. The International Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS-International) will be the world's largest public-use population database, with multiple samples from each country enabling analyses across time and space. These microdata and accompanying documentation will be freely available for scholarly and educational research through a web-based data dissemination system. The project leverages NSF investment in a major social science infrastructure project now nearing completion, "International Integrated Microdata Access System" (SBR9908380). That project covered many of the costs of finding and preserving microdata and documentation, negotiating dissemination agreements, developing data cleaning and sampling procedures, creating data conversion and dissemination software, and establishing design protocols for data and documentation. As a result, creation of the new database will be highly cost effective.Intellectual merit. Census microdata represent an extraordinary untapped resource for research and education in human and social dynamics. With over five hundred million records spanning four decades, the new database will offer far broader chronological scope and greater sample densities than any alternative data source. For most countries, censuses are the most representative source of population data available. The new database will allow investigators to analyze global change during a period of unprecedented economic, demographic, and political upheaval. The research team is uniquely qualified to undertake this massive database project. The investigators represent a diverse range of fields, including demography, economics, epidemiology, history, regional planning, and sociology. They have an unparalleled record of accomplishment on large-scale census infrastructure projects and wide-ranging international microdata experience. The Minnesota Population Center will house the project, providing exceptional facilities and technical support.Broader Impact. This project will reduce barriers to international research and education by preserving datasets and making them freely available, converting them into a uniform format, providing comprehensive documentation, and implementing web-based tools for disseminating the microdata and documentation. The database will provide fundamental infrastructure for a broad range of fields in the social and behavioral sciences, including economics, geography, sociology, population studies, and environmental studies. Researchers in most countries do not presently have access even to their own national census microdata; IPUMS-International will democratize access to this vital scientific resource, creating unprecedented opportunities for global-scale research.Most census data have traditionally been available only in aggregated tabular form. Census microdata provide information about individual persons, families, and households, and they allow users to interrelate any desired set of population and housing characteristics. The flexibility offered by microdata is essential for comparative research on social dynamics because the aggregate tabulations produced by national statistical offices are usually not comparable across time or between countries. In the few countries where census microdata covering multiple census years have been easily available to researchers, these data are the most widely used source for the study of large-scale economic and demographic transformations. Making integrated census microdata available for almost half of the world's population will allow researchers to describe the transformation of the world in far richer detail than previously possible. Even more important, these data will provide unprecedented opportunities to investigate the agents of change and assess their implications for human society. Census microdata are an essential resource for studying large-scale transformational changes such as economic development, urbanization, fertility transition, large-scale migration, population aging, mass education, democratization, and growing international trade and capital flows. The availability of multiple censuses for each country lends historical depth, revealing the trajectories of change hidden in snapshots from the recent past. These data allow detailed study of the relationships of social and economic change to variations in climate, geography, and environment. They are also uniquely suited to assessing the human consequences of social, economic, and demographic transformations in such diverse areas as family structure, economic inequality, cultural diversity, and assimilation.