ACT/SGER: Improving the Lifetimes of Batteries: NMR Studies of Structure and SEI Formation

将开展两个相关的探索性项目，这将提供有关电池失效机制的信息，并将有助于开发用于锂离子电池的新的、改进的电极材料：（i）纳米尺寸LiCoO2阴极材料的制备和研究，以及（ii）开发核磁共振（NMR）方法来研究非晶硅等薄膜电极。 通过这些项目，我们将探索尺寸，形态和结构之间的相关性，以及这些参数对电化学性能的影响。 系统中的固体电解质界面（SEI）是一个高得多的分数的散装将准备允许SEI容易通过NMR光谱，在本研究计划中使用的主要表征方法进行研究。 SEI是在电池组件上的电极颗粒上形成的膜，并在循环过程中生长，是容量损失（并最终导致电池失效）的来源。更持久，更轻和更紧凑的电化学电源需要为智能社区使用的许多设备供电。 锂离子电池就是这样一种电源。 为了改进这些电池，需要增加对电池失效机制的理解和开发新的更高容量的电极。 数学和物理科学局的打击恐怖主义办法方案支持基础研究和劳动力发展方面的新概念，这些概念有可能促进国家安全。

Two related exploratory projects will be performed, which will provide information concerning the mechanisms of cell failure and will aid in the development of new, improved electrode materials for use in lithium-ion batteries: (i) The preparation and investigation of nano-sized LiCoO2 cathode materials, and (ii) the development of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods to study thin-film electrodes such as amorphous silicon. Through these projects, we will explore correlations between size, morphology and structure, and the effect of these parameters on electrochemical performance. Systems where the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a much higher fraction of the bulk will be prepared allowing the SEI to be readily investigated by NMR spectroscopy, the primary characterization method used in this research program. The SEI is the film that forms on the electrode particles on battery assembly and grows on cycling, and is a source of capacity loss (and eventually cell failure).Longer lasting, lighter and more compact electrochemical power sources are required to power many of the devices used by the intelligence community. Lithium-ion batteries represent one such power source. In order to improve these batteries, both an increased understanding of the battery failure mechanisms and the development of new, higher capacity electrodes are required. The Approaches to Combat Terrorism Program in the Directorate for Mathematics and Physical Sciences supports new concepts in basic research and workforce development with the potential to contribute to national security.