CAREER: Realistic Models and Simulations of Systems for Quantum Information Processing

量子信息处理（QIP）有望成为全新的、更强大的信息系统，包括量子计算、量子通信和量子信息理论。然而，只有将迄今为止的理论进步转化为实际技术，才能实现这一承诺。这需要在未来几年内稳定的实验进展，这反过来又需要对QIP的现实量子系统有更好的实际理解。本建议的目的就是提供这样一种理解。知识价值。QIP仍然是一个年轻的领域，但在过去的十年里已经呈爆炸式增长。从彼得·肖尔发现量子计算机可以分解大数开始，这一问题在普通计算机上被广泛认为是难以解决的，而众所周知的公钥加密算法RSA就是基于这一发现，量子计算机的理论发展迅速，证明了量子系统在信息处理任务中的众多应用。实验发展虽然也很快，但在几乎所有领域仍然远远落后于理论。这主要是由于控制大量子系统同时将它们与量子噪声（或退相干）隔离开来的固有困难。除了改进实验外，还需要仔细的理论处理来理解现实量子系统中的噪声源及其对QIP的影响。PI将利用退相干方面的丰富经验来改进此类处理的理论和数值工具，并将其应用于与近期QIP实验相关的各种相关问题。QIP作为一个新兴领域，迄今为止在学术界和公众意识中的渗透还很浅。培养下一代量子工程师非常重要。为此，PI将开设两门新课程：一门是量子信息与计算的研究生入门课程，另一门是高级主题课程。-广泛的课堂讲稿将公开- pi还将为南加州大学QIP的研究生主持SQuInT夏季夏令营，他还将接触南加州大学更大的学术社区- pi将担任IEEE Transactions on Computers的副主编，编辑QIP的特刊。-软件库也将提供给该领域的其他人使用，并提供一个合适的易于使用的界面。

Quantum information processing (QIP) holds the promise of distinctly new and more powerful information systems, including quantum computation, quantum communications, and quantum information theory. However, this promise can only be achieved if the theoretical advances up to the present can be transformed into actual technology. This requires steady experimental advances over the next few years, which in turn requires a far better practical understanding of realistic quantum systems for QIP. The aim of this proposal is to provide such an understanding.Intellectual Merit.QIP is still a young field, but one that has grown explosively over the last ten years. From the discovery by Peter Shor that quantum computers could factor large numbers, a problem widely believed to be intractable on ordinary computers, and on which the well-known public-key encryption algorithm RSA is based, there has been rapid theoretical development, demonstrating numerous applications of quantum systems to information processing tasks.Experimental development, while also rapid, still lags far behind theory in almost all areas. This is largely due to the inherent difficulty of controlling large quantum systems while isolating them from quantum noise (or decoherence). In addition to improved experiments, careful theoretical treatment is needed to understand the sources of noise in realistic quantum systems, and their effects on QIP. The PI will draw on extensive experience in decoherence to improve both the theoretical and numerical tools for such treatments, and apply them to a wide variety of related problems relating to near-term QIP experiments.Broader Impact As a new field, QIP has so far penetrated only shallowly into the academic community and public consciousness. It is important to train the next generation of quantum engineers. To these ends, the PI will:-create two new courses: one, an introductory graduate course in quantum information and computation, the other an advanced topics course. -The extensive lecture notes will be made publicly available-PI will also host the SQuInT summer retreat for graduate students in QIP at USC, andHe will also reach out to the larger academic community at USC-PI will serve as associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Computers, editing a special issue on QIP. -The software library will also be made available for the use of others in the field, and provided with a suitable easy-to-use interface.