Microscopic Theory of Nuclear and Hypernuclear Structure and Reactions

核物理研究的主要目标之一是确定原子核的组成部分如何相互作用，以及由于这些相互作用而发生的现象。随着改进的实验技术和设备的发展，探索这些相互作用的新机会已经出现。例如，现在用高强度放射束研究质子或中子数与自然产生的同位素有很大不同的原子核。将这些设施的实验结果与拟议计算的预测进行比较，将提供对这些现象及其对潜在相互作用的依赖的理解。这样的计算也为实验者提供了指导，告诉他们哪些实验将产生关于相互作用的特定组成部分的信息，或者哪些实验将产生所需的现象。这些计算中的许多将有助于更好地了解恒星发出的辐射类型以及恒星内部元素是如何形成的。此外，构成原子核的质子和中子如何相互作用的理论可以扩展到质子、中子和许多只存在几分之一秒的不稳定粒子之间的相互作用。因此，另一项任务是开发和测试这些更一般的交互。地球上不稳定的粒子很可能在极端条件下是稳定的，例如在中子星内部，因此改变了中子星的性质。

One of the primary goals of nuclear physics research is to determine how the constituents of a nucleus interact with each other and what phenomena occur due to these interactions. New opportunities to explore theseinteractions have emerged with the development of improved experimental techniques and facilities. For example, nuclei whose proton or neutron numbers are very different from those of naturally occuring isotopes are now studied with high intensity radioactive beams. A comparison of the expermental results from these facilities with the predictions of the proposed calculations will provide an understanding of the phenomena and their dependence on the underlying interaction. Such calculations also provide a guide for experimentalists by telling them which experiments will yield information on specific components of the interaction or which experiments will produce a desired phenomena. Many of these calculations will lead to a better understanding of the types of radiation emitted from stars and how elements are made inside stars. In addition, a theory of how the protons and neutrons that comprise a nucleus interact with each other can be extended to the interactions among protons, neutrons, and the many unstable particles that exist for only fractions of a second. Therefore, an additional task is to develop and test these more general interactions. It is likely that the particles that are unstable here on Earth can be stable under extreme conditions such as inside neutron stars and, therefore, alter the properties of neutron stars.